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六是深化重要領(lǐng)域改革，增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的內(nèi)在活力。我們不失時機(jī)地推進(jìn)改革，在一些重要領(lǐng)域取得重大進(jìn)展。大力推進(jìn)財稅體制改革，完善轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度，全面建立縣級基本財力保障機(jī)制，基層政府提供基本公共服務(wù)的能力有所提高；由公共財政預(yù)算、政府性基金預(yù)算、國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算、社會保險基金預(yù)算組成的預(yù)算體系框架基本形成，預(yù)算外資金全部納入預(yù)算管理；統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外資企業(yè)稅制，實(shí)現(xiàn)增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型，實(shí)施成品油價格和稅費(fèi)改革，開展?fàn)I業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)，改革資源稅制度，財稅體制對加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的促進(jìn)作用增強(qiáng)。全面深化金融體制改革，國有大型商業(yè)銀行股份制改革順利完成，政策性金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革有序推進(jìn)，農(nóng)村信用社改革成效明顯，銀行業(yè)新監(jiān)管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施，創(chuàng)業(yè)板、股指期貨和融資融券業(yè)務(wù)相繼推出，保險業(yè)改革開放深入推進(jìn)，人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制不斷完善，利率市場化和資本項(xiàng)目可兌換改革穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，建立宏觀審慎政策框架，擴(kuò)大人民幣在跨境貿(mào)易和投資中的使用。我國銀行、證券、保險業(yè)的抗風(fēng)險能力和國際競爭力顯著提升，為成功應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)沖擊奠定了堅實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。國有企業(yè)改革不斷深化，素質(zhì)提高，競爭力明顯增強(qiáng)。制定鼓勵和引導(dǎo)民間投資健康發(fā)展的指導(dǎo)意見和實(shí)施細(xì)則，非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展環(huán)境不斷改善。建立生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度，開展排污權(quán)和碳排放權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。事業(yè)單位分類改革積極推進(jìn)。

6. Deepening reform in key areas and enhancing the vitality of economic and social development

We lost no opportunity to carry out reform and achieved great progress in a number of key areas.

We vigorously reformed the fiscal and taxation systems, improved the system of transfer payments and established a mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level governments across the country. County- and township-level governments became more capable of providing basic public services. We put in place the basic framework of a system of budgets for public finances, government-managed funds, state capital operations and social security funds, and all extrabudgetary funds were placed under budgetary management. We unified the corporate tax systems for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises, implemented VAT reform, reformed pricing of refined oil products and related taxes and fees, carried out pilot projects to replace business tax with VAT, and reformed the resource tax system. This strengthened the role of the fiscal and taxation systems in accelerating the change of the growth model.

We comprehensively deepened reform of the financial system. Specifically, we smoothly completed the transformation of large state-owned commercial banks into joint-stock companies and carried out reform of policy-based financial institutions in an orderly way. We made notable achievements in reforming rural credit cooperatives, implemented new oversight and supervision standards in the banking industry, launched the ChiNext stock market, and introduced stock index futures and securities margin trading. We deepened reform of the insurance industry and opened it wider. We improved the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, made steady progress in making interest rates more market-based and promoting the RMB’s convertibility under capital accounts, established a macroprudential policy framework, and expanded the use of the RMB in cross-border trade and investment. China’s banking, securities and insurance industries became significantly more resilient to risks and internationally competitive, and they underpinned our successful response to the global financial crisis.

Reform of state-owned enterprises deepened, their performance improved and their competitiveness was significantly enhanced. We formulated the Guidelines on Encouraging and Guiding the Sound Development of Nongovernmental Investment and rules for their implementation, and the environment for the development of the non-public sector of the economy improved. We adopted a system for compensating for ecological damage and carried out trials for trading pollution discharge and carbon emission rights. We carried out function-based reform of public institutions.

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