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內部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(12)
作者:TJG  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2012-06-02  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

president n.

表示“總統”、“會長”、“大學校長”、“主席”、“總裁”以及“董事長”等,若作為“職位”看待,其前通常不用冠詞。如:

They elected him as President. 他們選他當總統。

He succeeded his father as president of the company. 他繼承他父親任公司總裁。

若不是作為“職位”看待(比如作為身份等),則通常用冠詞。如:

The President addressed the nation. 總統向全國發表講話。

 

pretend v.

1. 表示“假裝”,其后可接名詞、不定式或 that-從句作賓語,但不接動名詞。如:

他假裝生病了。

正:He pretended illness.

正:He pretended to be ill.

正:He pretended that he was ill.

誤:He pretended being ill.

注:后接不定式時,除可接不定式的一般式外,根據情況也可用進行式或完成式。如:

She pretended to be crying. 她假裝在哭。

He pretended not to have seen me. 他假裝沒看見我。

2. 下面兩句否定詞位置不同,含義也有所不同:

He did not pretend to be ill. 他沒有裝病。

He pretended not to be ill. 他假裝沒有生病。

 

prevent v.

1. 表示阻止某人做某事,不能后接不定式的復合結構。比較:

誰也阻止不了我們結婚。

誤:Nobody can prevent us to get married.

正:Nobody can prevent us (from) getting married.

正:Nobody can prevent our [us] getting married.

注:上面第二句中的介詞 from 可以省略,但在被動語態中通常不省。如:

He was prevented by illness from taking the exam. 他因病未能參加考試。

2. prevent 指成功地阻止,若阻止不成,則不能單獨用它。如:

他父母阻他去,但他還是去了。

誤:His parents prevented him from going, but he still went.

正:His parents tried to prevent him from going, but he still went.

 

price n.

1. 表示“價格”,可用 high, low 修飾,但通常不能用 cheap, expensive, dear 等。如:

She sold her house at a low (high) price. 她的房子賣得很便宜()

The prices of computers are very low at that shop. 那家商店的電腦很便宜。

2. 詢問價錢,可用 how much what, 但句型不同:

這幅舊畫什么價?

正:How much is the old painting?

正:What is the price of the old painting?

正:What [How much] does the old painting cost?

3. 表示“價格”升降的常見動詞有 rise, fall, drop, jump up, go up, go down 等。

 

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