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內部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(12)
作者:TJG  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2012-06-02  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

2. 用作名詞,不管表示“前進”、“進步”還是“進展”,均為不可數名詞(通常與動詞 make 連用)。如:

Study hard [well] and make progress every day. 好好學習,天天向上。

His research made slow progress. 他的研究工作進展緩慢。

We made great progress with our work. 我們在工作上取得了很大的進步。

用于 in progress, 意為“在進行中”、“在舉行”,在句中主要起形容詞作用,多用作表語。如:

The harvest is still in progress. 收割仍在進行中。

The building of the bridge is in progress. 橋梁正在建造中。

 

promise v. & n.

1. 用作動詞,表示“答應”,可帶雙賓語,若雙賓語易位,用介詞 to。如:

我父母答應為我生日買臺電腦。

正:My parents promised me a computer on my birthday.

正:My parents promised a computer to me on my birthday.

2. promise sb to do sth 這一結構中,sb 不是 to do sth 的邏輯主語。如:

He has promised me to go. 他已答應我,他去。(不是我去)

比較:

He has promised to let me go. 他答應讓我去。(不是他去)

He has permitted me to go. 他允許我去。(不是他去)

3. 用作動詞,其后可接不定式,不接動名詞;用作名詞,其后也接不定式,不接“of+動名詞”。如:

他答應借錢給我們。

正:He promised to lend us the money.

誤:He promised lending us the money.

正:He made a promise to lend us the money.

誤:He made a promise of lending us the money.

比較以下后接從句的情形(從句通常用將來時)

正:He promised that he would lend us the money.

正:He made a promise that he would lend us the money.

4. 用作動詞,除表示“答應”外,還可表示“有希望”或“有可能”,其后可接名詞或不定式(多為 to be)。如:

The clouds promise rain. 陰云預示有雨。

It promises to be fine tomorrow. 明天有可能是個晴天。

This year promises a good harvest. 今年有豐收的希望。

 

protect v.

表示“保衛”、“保護”,通常為及物動詞,表示“保護……免受……”,通常在其賓語后用介詞 from, against。如:

You need warm clothes to protect you from [against] the cold. 你需要穿暖和些以免受涼。

Protect the baby’s eyes from the sun. 保護孩子的眼睛不要讓太陽照射。

You should protect the children from catching cold. 你應該防備孩子們受涼。

A line of forts was built along the border, to protect the country against attack. 在邊界沿線構筑了堡壘,以防國家受到攻擊。

注:選用介詞 from against 的大致原則為:用from 多指較小的事,而 against 多指較大的事。

 

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