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38. Thus reading a naturalistic novel or story, can sometimes be like riding through a sewer in a glassed-bottomed boat. (p. 273)

問(wèn)題分析：按照英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法，glassed-bottomed應(yīng)改為glass-bottomed。另外，本句逗號(hào)的使用值得商榷。

39. With these as a guide a translator can gain an insight into the original story to grasp the theme, the dominant impression, the characterization, the well-designed arrangement of a series of incidents, etc., so that the true purpose of the author to create it.

問(wèn)題分析：按照英語(yǔ)用法，so that 后應(yīng)接從句結(jié)構(gòu)，但本句中so that the true purpose of the author to create it缺少謂語(yǔ)部分。

40. To distinguish them from traditional opera they are known as “huaju” (spoken plays) in China. (p. 286)

問(wèn)題分析：按照英語(yǔ)句法特點(diǎn)，To distinguish的邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)，即they。但該邏輯主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞distinguish之間不是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，而是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且they與them在語(yǔ)意上重復(fù)，因此建議句子改為：To distinguish them from traditional opera, we call them “huaju” (spoken plays) in China.

二、詞語(yǔ)用法及措辭問(wèn)題

41. The Program above-mentioned presents our long-term goal. (p.4)

問(wèn)題分析：above-mentioned是形容詞，一般放在所修飾的名詞前面，即應(yīng)把The Program above-mentioned改為The above-mentioned Program。當(dāng)然，也可以改為The Program mentioned above，但這種情況下，mentioned above是分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。

42. In the early years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China those two methods still prevailed over most of the schools and universities until in 1960’s a new method, i.e. listening and speaking first was introduced to some key

 foreign languages institutes and then followed other advanced methods from the West after the “Cultural Revolution”. (p.5)

問(wèn)題分析：本句存在多處問(wèn)題。首先，prevailed over most of the schools and universities存在搭配不當(dāng)問(wèn)題。動(dòng)詞prevail有兩種搭配習(xí)慣：（1）與over連用，后接同性質(zhì)的名詞，表示比較，意思是“勝過(guò)”，如The east wind prevails over the west wind.（東風(fēng)壓倒西風(fēng)。）（2）與in/among搭配，意思是“盛行”，如A belief in magic still prevails among some tribes.（某些部族至今仍然相信魔法。）因此，prevailed over most of the schools and universities應(yīng)改為prevailed in most of the schools and universities。第二，1960’s 應(yīng)改為1960s。第三，until in 1960’s a new method, i.e. listening and speaking first was introduced中的 i.e. listening and speaking first是插入語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，因此，其后應(yīng)添加一個(gè)逗號(hào)，即改為until in 1960s a new method, i.e. listening and speaking first, was introduced。第三，and then followed other advanced methods from the West after the “Cultural Revolution”部分，如果筆者沒(méi)有理解錯(cuò)誤的話，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即該句的主語(yǔ)是other advanced methods from the West。但這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)是否符合英語(yǔ)規(guī)則，值得商榷。事實(shí)上，該句完全可以使用正常語(yǔ)序，即改為and then other advanced methods from the West followed after the “Cultural Revolution”。

43. The two ways are overlapped and crisscrossed but they serve as a guide to the comparatives study of English and Chinese. (p. 8)

問(wèn)題分析：從語(yǔ)義上來(lái)說(shuō)，The two ways are overlapped and crisscrossed應(yīng)使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即The two ways overlap and crisscross。另外，comparatives存在拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)去掉其末尾的s。這種動(dòng)詞的主被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法不當(dāng)?shù)膯?wèn)題在其它地方也存在，如：Among all the phonetic rhetorical devices the phonetic pun is the most particular because it is overlapped with the semantic meaning of a word itself. (p. 136) 在該句中，it is overlapped應(yīng)改為it overlaps。

44. For example, once a Chinese student met with a foreigner who was lost in his way back to his hotel. (p. 10)

問(wèn)題分析：in his way back to his hotel表達(dá)不地道，應(yīng)改為on his way back to his hotel。

On one’s way to…（在去……的路上）是英語(yǔ)中的一種固定說(shuō)法。

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