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八、“過去分詞作表語”這個語法術語應廢止

目前，幾乎所有的英語語法書、英語教科書以及各級各類英語教輔、教學或命題測試等，都在敘說這個不合理、不正確的說法：過去分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞）作表語。

例如，這樣的例子比比皆是：

The speech is very interesting. （現(xiàn)在分詞interesting作表語）

We were all amazed at the news. （過去分詞amazed作表語）

之所以廢止這個語法術語和語法項目，理由如下：

1. 這類分詞由“使令性動詞”（使人的心理情緒等發(fā)生變化）演變而來，如satisfy, surprise, interest, excite, please，等等，英語中約有幾十個左右這類的動詞。其現(xiàn)在分詞表示“令人怎樣”，過去分詞表示“感到怎樣”。

這類動詞在英語動詞中占比例很小，“作表語”這種說法僅限于這些動詞的分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。大量的行為動詞沒有此種用法，因此，這個術語無法概括英語語言的基本現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律。

2. 英語語法的術語已經非常繁雜，遵循刪繁就簡的原則，無論從教學還是研究角度，“現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作表語”，應該廢除。

3. 這個術語可能讓英語初學者產生誤解：現(xiàn)在分詞作表語跟進行時態(tài)造成混淆；過去分詞作表語跟被動語態(tài)造成混淆，不利于英語學習。

4. 歸根結底，這是一個完美的“主系表”結構，表語是由形容詞充當?shù)摹＿@時的分詞實際上就是形容詞！

九、同源現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞之比較

以下為常見的由“使令性動詞”變化而來的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法。現(xiàn)在分詞表示事物本身的性質以及給人的感受，意為“令人怎樣”；過去分詞表示人的心理和情緒變化，是被動的感覺，意為“感到怎樣”。

1. Richard felt ________ with their ________ service at the hotel. (satisfy)

2. The movie was ________. Rose was greatly ________. (move)

3. Sophia wasn’t ________ though her answer was ________. (discourage)

4. Jenny is ________ at the ________ news. (surprise)

5. The cartoon was ________ and Victor was very ________ in it. (interest)

6. William became ________ at his ________ job. (bore)

7. The tiger looked ________, but Lily wasn’t ________. (frighten)

8. His speech was very ________. Mary became ________. (inspire)

9. Charles wasn’t ________ though the story you had told was ________. (amuse)

10. The scene was quite ________. Catherine got ________. (amaze)

11. The result of the examination was ________, so Judy became ________. (disappoint)

12. The great man’s death was ________. Henry became ________ at it. (astonish)

13. Karen felt ________ at the ________ party last night. (excite)

14. The noise is very ________. Peter has become ________. (annoy)

15. Nancy was ________ by his ________ question. (puzzle)

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