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十、逐字翻譯型

有的同學在寫作時，不考慮任何的語法規則，也不顧及任何語言環境，只是靠漢語的字面意思字字翻譯。

1. 你比較喜歡什么，足球還是籃球?

誤：Do you like better what, basketball or football?

正：Which do you like better, basketball or football?

析：首先，特殊疑問句應該把特殊疑問詞放在句首。what和which都可作疑問代詞。但what是指不知內容的“什么”，而which是指“哪一個”，一般要有兩項或以上供選擇的事物。根據句子的補充信息basketball or football可以判斷，疑問詞應用which。

2. 老板說窗子還沒有修好。

誤：The boss said the window had not repaired yet.

正：The boss said the window had not been repaired yet.

析：本句的謂語動詞應該用被動語態，window在句子中是repair行為的對象，是它的邏輯賓語。

3. 每天起床后，我自己先穿衣服，然后再給弟弟穿衣。

誤：After I get up, I dress myself, then I dress coat for my brother every day.

正：After I get up, I dress myself, then I dress my brother every day.

析：dress“給…穿衣”，后面跟人，不能跟衣服。如果按字面翻譯，就會譯出誤句中的dress coat。

4. 他好像看過那場電影。

誤：He seemed that he had seen the film.

正：It seemed that he had seen the film.

正：He seemed to have seen the film.

析：seem“似乎、好像”。常用于It seemed / seems that…或sb. seems / seemed to be / do…等句型中。

5. 早起早睡是好習慣。

誤：Go to bed early and get up early is a good habit.

正：Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

析：動詞原形不能作主語，此句應用動名詞作主語。

6. 他們去了一處森林，并在那兒搞了一次野餐。

誤：They went to a forest, there they had a picnic.

正：They went to a forest, and there they had a picnic.

正：They went to a forest, where / in which they had a picnic.

析：此或者用where或in which 引導定語從句，或者用and連接前后并列分句。

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