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內(nèi)部講義:?荚~的語法與用法(12)
作者:TJG  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2012-06-02  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

2. 關(guān)于 supply, 比較以下句型:

我們?yōu)樗峁╁X和衣服。

正:We supply money and clothes to him. (通常用介詞 to)

正:We supply him with money and clothes. (with 通常不省)

注:以上是最普通的表達(dá),最為人們所接受。以下兩類用法,盡管還有人反對(duì),但在現(xiàn)代英語中也漸被接受:

學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供教科書。

正:The school supplied textbooks for the students.

正:The school supplied the students (with) textbooks.

說明:按傳統(tǒng)語法,在 provide (supply) sb with sth 這一句型中,其中的介詞 with 不能省略,即兩者均不能接雙賓語;另外在provide sth for sb supply sth to sb 這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中要分別用介詞 for to。但是在現(xiàn)代英語中,以上兩條規(guī)則均未被完全遵循不僅兩者后的介詞 with 有時(shí)可省略,而且兩者后用介詞 for to 的場合有時(shí)也可混用。不過,建議初學(xué)者還是以使用傳統(tǒng)規(guī)范的英語為好。

 

public n.

1. 用作名詞,表示“公眾”,其前通常要用定冠詞;用作主語,謂語可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個(gè)體)。如:

請(qǐng)大家不要在草地上行走。

正:The public is requested not to walk on the grass.

正:The public are requested not to walk on the grass.

注:有時(shí)句中相關(guān)名詞或名詞的數(shù)也可能暗示謂語的數(shù)。如:

公眾是最好的判斷者。

正:The public is the best judge.

正:The public are the best judges.

2. 用于 in public, 意為“公開地”、“在公眾面前”,起副詞作用,用作狀語。如:

I don’t want to be seen in public. 我不想在公眾場合露面。

She is too shy to sing in public. 她太靦腆,不敢在眾人面前唱歌。

 

punish v.

1. 表示“處罰”,注意以下各句所搭配的介詞。如:

He was punished for being late. 他因遲到而受到處罰。

He was punished by [with] death. 他被處死。

The police punished the driver with [by] a fine. 警察處以這位以罰金。

2. 不要按漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣直譯“懲罰某人做某事”。如:

老師罰他掃地。

誤:The teacher punished him to sweep the floor.

正:The teacher punished him by requiring him to sweep the floor.

 

purpose n.

用作名詞,主要意思為“目的”、“目標(biāo)”,用法注意:

1. 表示做某事的目的,通常用 the purpose of 的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

What was the purpose of his visit? 他來訪的目的是什么?

He came here with [for] the purpose of seeing his family. 他來這里的目的是探親。

注:若 purpose 前用了物主代詞,則通常連用介詞 in。如:

What is your purpose in being here? 你在這兒干什么?

Her purpose in going to Japan is to look for her uncle. 她去日本的目的是找她叔叔。

以下結(jié)構(gòu)也用介詞 in: (www.52ysedu.com)

I have a purpose in making this trip to Europe. 我這次歐洲之行是有目的的。

 

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