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內部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(01)
作者:TJG  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2012-05-31  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

abroad adv.

1. 表示“在國外”、“到國外”等,是副詞,不是名詞,因此不能與 in, to, at 等介詞連用;其前也不用冠詞。如:

He has gone abroad with his wife. 他已與他妻子出國了。

His son was living abroad. 他兒子當時住在國外。

不能說:go to (the) abroad / live in (the) abroad

注意:abroad 之前雖不能用 in, to 之類的介詞,但是卻可以用介詞 from。如:

He just came back from abroad. 他剛從國外回來。

2. 漢語中的“國內外”,說成英語是 at home and abroad。如:

He is famous at home and abroad. 他聞名國內外。

The situation both at home and abroad is in our favour. 國內外形勢對我們都有利。

2. 由于是副詞不是形容詞,所以不能用于名詞前作定語。但是,若語義需要它可置于名詞后作定語。如

My first journey abroad is something I shall never forget. 我第一次出國旅行的情景是我永遠不會忘記的。

She used to be terribly shy, but a year abroad has completely transformed her. 她過去十分靦腆,但在國外呆了一年以后完全變了。

比較下面兩句abroadfrom abroad用作后置定語的區別:

Investments abroad set another record last year. 向國外的投資去年又創新經錄。

Investments from abroad set another record last year. 來自國外的投資去年又創新經錄。

 

absent adj. / v.

1. 用作形容詞,意為“缺席的”。要表示“做某事缺席”,其后常接介詞 from。如:

Some students were absent from class. 有些學生上課缺席。

They were absent from work that day. 他們那天都沒有上班。

有時根據不同的語境,也可能使用不同的介詞。如:

He’s absent in Beijing. 他外出了,現在北京。

用作形容詞,有時表示“心不在焉”、“茫然的”等,通常只用作定語。如:

He had an absent look on his face. 他臉上露出茫然的神色。

absent-minded 意為“心不在焉的”、“健忘的”( 可用作表語或定語)。如:

He is always absent-minded. 他老是心不在焉。

2. 用作動詞(及物),意為“缺席”,常接反身代詞作賓語。表示“做某事缺席”,其后也接介詞 from。如:

He absented himself from the meeting. 他開會缺席。

He absented himself from class. 他曠課。

另外注意,absent 用作形容詞和動詞時,重音位置不同。

 

accept v.

1. 表示“接受”,可及物或不及物。如:

She offered him a lift and he accepted (it). 她請他坐她的車,他就領情了。

I haven’t received his letter for a long time. 我很久沒有收到他的來信了。

注:accept receive 不同,后者“收到”、“接到”。如:

She received his present, but she didn’t accept it. 她收到了他的禮物,但是沒有接受。

2. 可接名詞或代詞作賓語,但一般不接不定式。如:

He asked her to marry him and she accepted him. 他向她求婚,她同意了。

注意:不說……she accepted to marry him.

 

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