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16. Ideas are placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence receive the greatest emphasis. (p. 141)

【問題分析】這句話存在兩個謂語，即are placed和 receive，不符合英語句子結構基本要求，按照句子意思，應把第一個謂語動詞are placed改為過去分詞結構placed，即全句改為：Ideas placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence receive the greatest emphasis.

17. He avoids the topic and lets the topic floats in space and time, from the past to the present and does not come to the point until at the end of the speech. (p. 130)

【問題分析】let后接動詞原形，因此lets the topic floats中的floats應改為float。

18. As the human race is advancing discovering, creating and inventing, new things and concepts spring up incessantly, urging linguists coin new terms to express them. (p. 167)

【問題分析】英語動詞urge后接帶to動詞不定式，不能接動詞原形，因此urging linguists coin new terms應改為urging linguists to coin new terms。另外，該句還存在標點符號使用不當問題，advancing與discovering之間應添加一個逗號。即便如此，本句的英文表達也還需要進一步改進。

（三）平行結構問題

英語的平行結構要求在形式上保持一致。下列句子就存在結構不平行問題。

19. The sound patterns of language are of great significance to prosody for they constantly influence an author’s choice of words, as well as influencing the sound composition of the words available to choose from. (p. 63)

【問題分析】as well as influencing中的influencing與influence構成并列謂語動詞，應使用平行結構，即改為as well as influence。事實上，這里的influence重復，完全多余，應去掉。另外，language前最好加一個冠詞a。建議全句改為：The sound patterns of a language are of great significance to prosody, for they constantly influence an author’s choice of words as well as the sound composition of the words available to choose from.

20. Therefore, a comparative study in these two fields not only helps to master the word in its true sense but also gain an insight into the cultural background of both languages. (p. 84)

【問題分析】not only…but also后應接平行結構，但在本句中，not only helps與but also gain顯然是不平行的。建議全句改為：Therefore, a comparative study in these two fields helps not only to master the word in its true sense but also to gain an insight into the cultural background of both languages.

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