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than引導(dǎo)比較從句時(shí)究竟是從屬連詞還是關(guān)系詞
作者:曹榮祿  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2017-04-13  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

16. The roads are much quieter here than in London. 還原省略后為:

16a. The roads are much quieter here than the ones are in London.

    從句結(jié)構(gòu)為SVPthan在從句作表語(yǔ)。

17. Things are no better than before. 還原省略后為:

17a. Things are no better than they were before.

    從句結(jié)構(gòu)為SVPthan在從句中作表語(yǔ)。

18. John had a higher opinion of Mary than of Jane. 還原省略后為:

18a. John had a higher opinion of Mary than he had of Jane.

    從句結(jié)構(gòu)為SVOAthan在從句中賓語(yǔ)。

19. The bookcase is wider than it is tall. 從句結(jié)構(gòu)為SVP,無(wú)省略。Than=compared with the degree to which, 在從句中做程度狀語(yǔ)。

20. More people hope to live in the countryside than used to. 還原省略后為:

20a. More people hope to live in the countryside than used to hope so.

從句結(jié)構(gòu)為SVOThan=compared with the number of people who, 在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

通過(guò)以上分析,我們可以看出,than在引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)并不是從屬連詞,而是關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞),必須在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,即主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。了解到這一點(diǎn),就可以對(duì)幾乎所有省略了成分的than從句進(jìn)行還原,并分析其本來(lái)的從句結(jié)構(gòu)。認(rèn)識(shí)than是關(guān)系詞而不是從屬連詞對(duì)認(rèn)識(shí)和運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)比較結(jié)構(gòu)有重要的意義。

    以上分析中遺漏和謬誤在所難免,敬請(qǐng)學(xué)者和老師們指正。(以上例句除第20句外均選自章振邦新編高級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法。)

完稿于北京2017/4/12

更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)參考: https://www.cpsenglish.com/people/2337 

 

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