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不可用be to be blamed 嗎? |
作者:李 翔 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2010-01-09 文章錄入:lx612800 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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不可用be to be blamed 嗎? ——對(duì)高考試題中blame用法的再探討
本站特約作者 李 翔
■先請(qǐng)看兩到高考試題對(duì)blame用法的理解 ①趙振才編著《英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題解答大詞典》(增訂版)(世界圖書(shū)西安出版公司2005年3月第1版)p217: 【問(wèn)】 I feel it is your husband who ____ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blamed (上海高考, 02— 24) 答案為A。但我認(rèn)為who is blame是錯(cuò)誤的,因?yàn)?/FONT>who與 blame時(shí)被動(dòng)關(guān)系(受責(zé)備),應(yīng)改為who is blamed。要知道,blame時(shí)及物動(dòng)詞呀! She blamed him for the failure. 她因失敗而責(zé)怪他。 【答】要記。涸be to blame 結(jié)構(gòu)中,主動(dòng)形式的 blame 具有被動(dòng)意義,……。 1. The children were not to blame for the accident. 這次事故不能怪孩子們。 2.She was in no way to blame.她決不應(yīng)當(dāng)受責(zé)備。 ② [2006年高考英語(yǔ)安徽卷英語(yǔ)試題—35] Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one______. A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed 所給答案為C。 從以上可以看出:兩道高考試題的命題專家及趙振才教授都認(rèn)為這兩道高考試題的答案都應(yīng)該用be to blame,而不應(yīng)該用be to be blamed。理由是在be to blame結(jié)構(gòu)中,主動(dòng)形式的blame具有被動(dòng)意義。就算主動(dòng)形式的blame具有被動(dòng)意義,那么be to be blamed就是錯(cuò)誤的或至少是不能使用嗎? 實(shí)際上,像句 ① 中的選擇項(xiàng)C也是正確的,即I feel it is your husband who is to be blamed for the spoiled child.也是正確的;句②中的選擇項(xiàng)D也是正確的,即Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to be blamed.(=... the one that was to be blamed) ■請(qǐng)看有關(guān)例證 1. 楊民生主編《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法正誤詞典》(湖北教育出版社1996年3月第1版)p125-126:多數(shù)人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)形式的不定式表示被動(dòng)意思,但也可用be to be blamed。 R:He is to blame. R:He is to be blamed. 應(yīng)該責(zé)備他。 R:Who is to be blamed for the fact that there are no cherries? 沒(méi)有櫻桃該怪誰(shuí)呢? 2. 江希和編著《當(dāng)代英美語(yǔ)慣用法詞典》(上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社 2001年2月第1版)p88:be to blame for sth.或 be to be blamed for sth.(=be at fault)都可以說(shuō)。如:I am to blame for this. I am to be blamed for this.(這件事我應(yīng)當(dāng)受責(zé)備。) 3. 李在銘著《現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)慣用法詞典》(現(xiàn)代出版社1995年5月第1版)p55:……,可以說(shuō)“He is certainly to be blamed.”,但不普遍。 4. N D Turton and J B Heaton主編的Longman Dictionary of Common Errors (Eleventh impression 2003) p53:? Who is to be blamed for this? (筆者注:此句與句①中的選擇項(xiàng)C驚人的相似!) 5. (日) 市川繁治郎主編《英語(yǔ)搭配大辭典》(外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社2006年10月第1版)p180:He is greatly [much, highly] to be blamed for this.
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