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3. A ________ of fish has been killed in this river because of serious pollution

A. lot                             B. number                     C. mass                       D. great deal

【分析】此題答案很容易誤選為A 或D。很多同學(xué)在看到謂語(yǔ)形式是 has been killed時(shí)，就以為 fish 是不可數(shù)名詞。其實(shí)，正確答案為C。fish 在這里是表復(fù)數(shù)意義的可數(shù)名詞，并且單復(fù)數(shù)同形。但這里的主語(yǔ)不是fish，而是mass，主謂隔離使同學(xué)們誤入陷阱。“a mass of + n. + 謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)”=“masses of + n. + 謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)”。請(qǐng)看以下類似的例子：

(1) Large amounts of water ________ polluted since the factory was built last year.

A. was                     B. were                         C. have been                      D. has been

(2) A large quantity of crops ________ destroyed in the flood.

A. was                      B. were                         C. have                              D. has

第(1)題的答案為C。主語(yǔ)是amounts 而不是 water；第(2)題答案為B。主語(yǔ)是quantity而不是crops。

二、句型分離陷阱

1. In the wartime, the masses devoted ________ they had ________ the army in fighting against the Japanese.

A. whatever; to supporting                                     B. what; supporting

C. anything which; to supporting                            D. all; to supporting

【分析】此題很容易誤選為 C或者D。其實(shí)正確答案是 A。這道題目考查的是一個(gè)固定句型搭配，即 devote (time, money, energy…) to (doing) sth。devote 后接了一個(gè)由 whatever  引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。此題的難點(diǎn)在于我們要選的第1空是名詞或代詞或名詞性從句作devote  的賓語(yǔ)，隔離了這個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)固定搭配，增加了解題難度。C 項(xiàng)中 anything 為不定代詞，后接定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)其關(guān)系代詞用 that  而不用 which，故C錯(cuò)誤。

2. How long do you think it is ________ she arrived here?

A. when                           B. that                           C. before                         D. since

【分析】面對(duì)這道題，很多同學(xué)覺(jué)得無(wú)從下手，很容易誤選C。其實(shí)正確答案是D。此題是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，并且是疑問(wèn)句，這無(wú)疑增加了解題難度。這里我們不妨把它變成陳述句。將do you think 看成插入語(yǔ)，則句子就變成了：It is (how long) since she arrived here. 這樣，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就一目了然。這是一個(gè)“It is + 段時(shí)間 + since…(自從……以來(lái)有多久了)”的句型。請(qǐng)注意區(qū)分下面相類似的句型：It will (not) be…before…(要過(guò)多久……才 / 不過(guò)多久就……)和It was(not)…before…(過(guò)了多久……才 / 沒(méi)過(guò)多久就……)。

3. It was ________ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.

A. to have played  B. playing         C. played         D. having played

【分析】正確答案為B，考查的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是句子的主語(yǔ)，但其被強(qiáng)調(diào)句式 It was…that…隔離，增強(qiáng)了試題的迷惑性。這里我們應(yīng)選動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作主語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面相似的例子：

(1) Was it during the Second World War ________ he died?

A. that                          B. while                       C. in which                      D. then

(2) ________ helped you work out that difficult maths problem?

A.Who did                    B. it was who that         C. Who it was that           D. Who was it that

第 (1) 題的答案為 A。是疑問(wèn)句形式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分during the Second World War 在句中作狀語(yǔ)；第 (2) 題的答案是D。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是疑問(wèn)詞 who 在句中作主語(yǔ)。

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