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英語典型語法錯誤100例(3)

21. 難怪他們遇到那么大的麻煩。

誤：No wonder did they have so much trouble.

正：No wonder (that) they had so much trouble.

析：no wonder 后接 that 從句時(＝難怪，并不奇怪)，其后的句子不用倒裝。又如：No wonder (that) she didn’t like it. 難怪她不喜歡這東西。注：該結構為 It’s no wonder that...之省略，其中的 no 也可用 little, small 等代之，如：Small wonder that he was so tired. 難怪他那么累。It’s no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much. 你吃得太飽，自然睡不著。

22. 很多人本來可以獲救的卻死了。

誤：A lot of men died who could be saved.

正：A lot of men died who could have been saved.

析：對過去情況進行推測，要在情態動詞后接完成式，而不能接一般式。有時含有責備或后悔之意。又如：

You could [might] have made greater progress. 你的進步本來可以更大一些的。

23. 你最好帶些錢，以防萬一。

誤：You’d better carry some money for case.

正：You’d better carry some money in case.

析：in case 通常用作連詞，用以引導狀語從句，但有時也可單獨使用，起副詞作用，意為“以防萬一”，不過這種用法常可與其連詞用法轉換，如上面一句也可說成 You’d better carry some money in case you need it. 注意：for case不合英語表達習慣。

24. 你最好不要讓老板逮住你上班睡覺。

誤：You’d better not let the boss catch you to sleep at work.

正：You’d better not let the boss catch you sleeping at work.

析：表示意外地碰上某人在做某事，用 catch sb doing sth。

25. 這部照相機不夠好，我想換一部。

誤：The camera isn’t good enough; I want to change another.

正：The camera isn’t good enough; I want to change it (for another).

析：這里說的“換一部”，其實是指用一部照相機去換另一部照相機，所以用 change sth for sth else 這一句型。又如：

You had better change that shirt for a large one. 你最好把那件襯衣去換件大號的。

26. 我們寫信祝賀她當選為勞模。

誤：We wrote to congratulate her to be chosen as a modern worker.

正：We wrote to congratulate her on being chosen as a modern worker.

析：congratulate(祝賀)不接不定式的復合結構作賓語。記住常用句型 congratulate sb on [upon] (doing) sth。

27. 據說新鐵路正在修建當中。

誤：It’s said that the new railway is under the construction.

正：It’s said that the new railway is under construction.

析：under construction 是習語，意為“在建設中”“在興建中”，其中不用冠詞。類似地還有：under discussion 在討論中 / under fire 在炮火中 / under examination 在檢查(調查)中 / under consideration 在考慮中 / under repair 在修理中 / under medical treatment 在治療中 / under attack 受到襲擊 / under study 在研究中 / under review 在檢查中。

28. 我怎樣與你聯系?

誤：How can contact with you?

正：How can contact you?

析：contact 是及物動詞，其意為“與……聯系”，不要按漢語意思在其后誤加介詞 with。注：contact的賓語除了是人外，也可以是地點，如：

I just contacted his office direct. 我直接跟他辦公室聯系了。

29. 如果你感到方便的話，我就來。

誤：I’ll come if you are convenient.

正：I’ll come if it is convenient for [to] you.

析：convenient 的實際意思是“使人感到方便的”， 而不是“感覺到方便的”，所以不要按漢語意思將 be convenient的主語用“人”充當。比較：

Railway is convenient. 鐵路方便。

Traveling is convenient for people, where there are railways. 哪里有鐵路，哪里的人旅行就方便。

30. 這座教堂是六世紀建的。

誤：The church was dated back to [dated from] 1176.

正：The church dates back to [dates from] 1176.

析：date back to 或 date from 兩者意義相同，均指“自某時起存在至今”(=have existed since)，兩者均不能用于被動語態。順使說一句，這類句子通常用一般現在時，而不用一般過去時，除非所談論的主體現在已不復存在。如：The church, which dated back to the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago.(那座教堂是13世紀建成的,兩年前在一次地震中被毀了)。