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◆play v. & n.

1. 用作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“玩”，通常只用于兒童或動(dòng)物，或者用于玩笑的場合。如：

正：Her child is playing outside. 她孩子在外面玩。

誤：Her parents are playing outside. 她父母在外面玩。

注：說成年人“玩”可用 have a good time 或 enjoy oneself等其它表達(dá)。注意：不要一遇到漢語的“玩”字就機(jī)械地將其英譯為play, 而應(yīng)按英語習(xí)慣用適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹肀磉_(dá)。如：

　有空請到我家玩。

正：Please come and [to] see me when [if] you have time.

誤：Please come to my house and play when you have time.

我們在晚會(huì)上玩得很開心。

正：We had a good time [enjoyed ourselves] at the party.

誤：We played very well at the party.

2. 用作及物動(dòng)詞，主要用于音樂方面的彈(拉、演奏)某種樂器等(注：樂器名詞前要用定冠詞)，或用于體育方面的打(球)、打(牌)、下(棋)等，此時(shí)相關(guān)名詞前不用冠詞。如：

He plays the piano very well. 他的鋼琴彈得很好。

They like to play basketball. 他們喜歡打籃球。

They played bridge after dinner. 他們吃飯后打了橋牌。

要表示與某人打球、下棋、比賽等，要注意以下正誤句型：

　他同她下了盤棋

　正：He played (against) her at chess.

正：He played chess with her.

誤：He played with her at chess

注：play with 意為“玩耍……”或“與……一起玩”。如：

The girl is playing with a toy. 小女孩在玩玩具。

The girl is playing with her kitten. 這個(gè)小女孩在玩小貓(與小貓一起玩)。

3. 用作名詞，表示“玩耍”，是不可數(shù)名詞。如：

The children are at play in the yard. 孩子們在院子里玩。

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。

注：名詞 play 泛指一般意義的“玩”(不可數(shù))，動(dòng)名詞 playing指特定的某次玩耍。比較：

所有孩子都喜歡玩。

誤：All children are fond of playing.

正：All children are fond of play.

比較：The children are fond of playing in the garden.

順便一提，有些情形與以上情形相反。如：

他喜歡跳舞(散步，游泳)。

正：He is fond of dancing (walking, swimming).

誤：He is fond of dance (walk, swim).

◆playground n.

表示“運(yùn)動(dòng)場”、“操場”，其前可用介詞 in 或 on。如：

The children were running about in the playground. 孩子們在運(yùn)動(dòng)場上跑來跑去。

He has just lost his watch on the playground. 他剛在操場上把手表丟了。

◆pleasant adj.

1. 用于說明事物，表示“令人愉快的”或“舒適的”。如：

The weather was cold, but the trip was pleasant. 雖然天氣很冷，但旅途還是很愉快。

It was a pleasant surprise to see her again. 再次見到她真是又驚又喜。

2. 用于說明人，表示“友好的”、“討人喜歡的”。如：

What a pleasant girl! 多么討人喜歡的姑娘啊!

Make an effort to be pleasant at the party. 在晚會(huì)上要盡力友善待人(或盡量使人高興)。

3. 比較 pleasant 與 pleased：后者表示“感到高興或滿意”。如：

I’m very pleased at [about, with] your success. 我對(duì)你的成功感到滿意。

We’re very pleased that you’ve decided to go with us. 你決定同我們一起去我們很高興。

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