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初級(jí)英語語法重點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)(12)

系動(dòng)詞類知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1. 連系動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語態(tài)嗎

Her forehead ______ hot. I’m afraid she is ill.

A. is feeling             B. feels                    C. is felt                  D. has been felt

此題應(yīng)選B。容易誤選C, 因?yàn)閺囊饬x上看, “前額”應(yīng)該是“被摸”, 所以不少考生誤入C的陷阱。

英語中look(看起來), sound(聽起來), smell(聞起來), taste(嘗起來), feel(摸起來)等表示感官的連系動(dòng)詞, 它們?cè)谝饬x上是被動(dòng)的, 但在形式上卻不能是被動(dòng)的(因?yàn)檫B系動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞, 不可能有被動(dòng)形式)。同時(shí), 以上連系動(dòng)詞在表示以上意義時(shí), 通常也不用于進(jìn)行進(jìn)態(tài)(除look外)。

1. The picture ______ beautiful.

A. is looked               B. has looked

C. will be looked        D. looks

2. The soup _____ very nice.

A. smells                   B. is smelt

C. is smelling             D. smells to be

3. As is known to us all, glass _____ smooth.

A. feels                     B. is felt

C. is feeling               D. will feel

若以上動(dòng)詞不是用作連系動(dòng)詞, 而是用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞;或者即使是用作連系動(dòng)詞, 而不表示以上意思, 則可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

Are you feeling any better? 你感到好些了嗎?

He was tasting the pudding. 他在嘗布丁。

答案：1. D 2. A 3. A

2. 連系動(dòng)詞后可以接to be嗎

The story sounds ______.

A. to be true            B. as true                 C. being true           D. true

此題應(yīng)選D。該題很容易誤選A。這里涉及連系動(dòng)詞后是否接to be的題：

1. 在seem, appear, prove, continue等連系動(dòng)詞以及用作連系動(dòng)詞的短語turn out等之后, 可以接to be, 但可省略：

He seems (to be) sad. 他似乎很傷心。

He appears (to be) angry. 他似乎生氣了。

The news turned out [proved] (to be) false. 那消息結(jié)果是假的。

2. 在feel, smell, sound, taste等連系動(dòng)詞后不接to be：

這湯味道不錯(cuò)。

正：The soup tastes nice.

誤：The soup tastes to be nice.

在look(看起來)之后是否接to be, 語法專家意見不一, 但總的說來, 以不用為佳。

3. 在表語形容詞前的to be通常不省略：

He seems [appears] to be asleep. 他似乎睡著了。

He seemed to be awake when I went into his room. 我進(jìn)屋時(shí), 他似乎醒了。

He doesn’t seem to be afraid of it. 他似乎不怕它。

He seems quite sure of it. 他似乎對(duì)此很有把握。

She appeared to be very fond of the book. 她似乎很喜歡這本書。

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