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名師詳解語法易錯題（09）

省略句錯誤

（內部講稿，僅供交流，請勿商用）

省略是指在不影響句子意思明了、清楚的前提下，將句子中的某些成分省略掉，從而使所表達的內容更加緊湊和簡潔。有時命題人將省略引入考試，或考查考生對省略句的理解，或以省略為干擾，考查其他相關知識點，等等，從而出現了不少所謂的“陷阱題”。同學們，你能正確理解這些省略句嗎？你能將這些省略補充完整以助于分析嗎？請看實例：

◇She’s too thin. She _________ gain some weight but she _________ too little.

A. would, ate            B. will, eats               C. would, eats           D. will, ate

你知道此題的最佳答案嗎？你知道此題涉及什么樣的省略嗎？你會分析此題的省略與選擇最佳答案的關系嗎？請參見本節后面有關例題。

◇He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _________ to.

A. spoken                 B. speaking               C. speak                   D. be spoken

【分析】此題答案選A還是B，或是選C還是D？此題也涉及省略，你會補充完整嗎？請看本節有關例題。

◇“I love you more than her, my dear.” “You mean more than _________love her or more than she loves _________?”

A. you, me                B. she, you               C. I, me                    D. I, you

【分析】此題到底講的是誰更愛誰？填空句有何省略？怎樣補充完整？如何推出最佳答案？請看本節有關例題。

◇If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If _________, _________.

A. not, not                B. no, no                  C. not, no                 D. no, not

是 no 還是 not，是 not 還是 no？要想選對，當然應知道如何將補充完整，你會嗎？請看本節有關例題。

1. I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _________. What can you suggest?

A. when                   B. how                     C. why                     D. where

【分析】此題應選 B，其余三項均有可能誤選，其實此句為省略句，補完整應為 … but I don’t know how to improve my English. 請看以下類似試題：

(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go and make sure it _________.

A. does                     B. has                       C. was                     D. is

答案選D，為 …and make sure it is locked. 之省略。

(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember _________.

A. where                  B. there                    C. which                  D. that

答案選C，為I can’t remember which city he comes from. 之省略。

(3) Some of the answers were correct, but I don’t remember _________.

A. where                  B. what                    C. which                  D. that

答案選C，I don’t remember which 后省略了 ones (were correct)。

(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he _________.

A. had                      B. was                      C. would                  D. sold

答案選C，為He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell. 之省略。

(4) I touched the door to see if the paint was still wet, and it _________.

A. did                       B. was                      C. had                      D. might

答案選B，為…and it was wet. 之省略。

2. “What were you trying to prove to the police?”  “_________ I was last night.”

A. That                    B. When                  C. Where                 D. What

【分析】此題應選 C，其余三項均有可能誤選，答句為省略句，其完整形式為 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night. (where 引導的是一個賓語從句)。請看以下類似試題：

(1) “What made her so happy?”  “_________ her son passed the college entrance examinations.”

A. That                     B. 不填                    C. Since                   D. For

【分析】此題選A，為That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 之省略(www.52ysedu.com)。

(2) “What made you so upset?” “_________ my wallet.”

A. Lost                     B. Losing                  C. Having lost           D. Being lost

【分析】此題選B，為 Losing my wallet made me so upset. 之省略。

(3) “What did she tell you?” “_________ she would be late”

A. That                     B. When                   C. Where                  D. Whether

【分析】此題選A，為 She told me that would be late. 之省略。

(4) “What did he ask you?” “_________ I would be late.”

A. That                     B. When                   C. Where                  D. Whether

【分析】此題選D，為 He asked me whether I would be late. 之省略。

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