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談談虛擬條件從句的省略與倒裝

當虛擬條件句的謂語部分含有were, should, had時，我們可以將連詞if省略掉，而將were, should, had置于句首。如：

If she were in charge, she would do things differently.=Were she in charge, she would do things differently. 如果是她負責，她會是另一種做法。

If you should change your mind, no one would blame you.=Should you change your mind, no one would blame you. 萬一你改變主意，誰也不會怨你。

If the management had acted sooner, the strike wouldn’t have happened.= Had the management acted sooner, the strike wouldn’t have happened. 如果資方早些采取行動，就不會發生罷工了。

幾點說明：

1. 對于條件從句含有should而主句使用陳述語氣或祈使語氣的句子也可以采用以上方法進行省略和倒裝。如：

If I should be free tomorrow, I will come. = Should I be free tomorrow, I will come. 如果明天我有空我就來。

If they should attack us, we’ll wipe them out completely.=Should they attack us, we’ll wipe them out completely. 假如他們進攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。

有時被提到句首的had不是助動詞，而是表示“有”的實義動詞。如：

Had I the time, I would go. 如有時間我就去。

2. 如果條件從句為否定式，注意要將not置于主語之后，而不置于主語之前。如：

若非你的幫助，我仍會無家可歸。

誤：Weren’t it for your help, I would still be homeless.

正：Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.

要不是我親眼所見，我都不會相信了。

誤：Hadn’t I seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.

正：Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.

3. 在這類倒裝結構中，置于句首的were習慣上不能用was代替。如：

如果我是在你的立場，我不愿意做那件事。

If I were in your place, I wouldn’t do that.

→Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.(www.52ysedu.com)