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請看下面的考題：

1. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _________ to.

A. spoken      B. speaking      C. speak     D. be spoken

【分析】此題容易誤選B，認為until 是介詞，后接動詞時用動名詞形式。其實，此題應選A，until spoken to 為 until he is spoken to 之省略。句意為“他是個沉默寡言的人，別人不同他說話，他很少同別人說話”。

2. If carefully _________, the experiment will be successful.

A. do                      B. does                  C. done                    D. doing

【分析】答案選C，為 if it is carefully done 之省略。

3. The research is so designed that once _________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins                 B. having begun    C. beginning               D. begun

【分析】答案選D，為 once it is begun 之省略(from www.52ysedu.com)。

五、虛擬語氣省略陷阱

在虛擬條件句中，有時可將引導條件從句的連詞if省略，而將從句中的were, should, had 等提到句首。如：

Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是湯姆，我會拒絕。

I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我會去的。

Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天氣壞，我們就準時到達了。

值得注意的是，若條件從句為否定句，否定詞not應置于主語之后，而不能與were, should, had 等縮略成Weren’t, Shouldn’t, Hadn’t而置于句首。另外，有時省略if后提前的had不是助動詞。如：

Had I time, I would come. 假若我有時間，我會來的。（=If I had time…）

請看一道試題：

It _________ very silly to argue any more against each other about it _________ true.

A. will be; could that be                              B. must be; could that be

C. should be; was that to be                        D. would be; should that be

【分析】有些同學會認為主句表示推測，從而將答案誤選為 B。其實，只要分析一下句子成分就很簡單了。四個選項均為謂語動詞，且第2 空所給選項為倒裝，這正好與虛擬語氣中省略 if 時倒裝結構一致。由此可知該題考查與將來相反的虛擬語氣的用法。故答案選 D。

六、讓步從句省略陷阱

在由though, as引導的讓步狀語從句中，如果從句的表語是可數名詞單數，將名詞提前時，名詞前面的冠詞a 須省略。如：

Child as [though] he is, he knows much about the society. = Though he is a child, he knows much about the society. 盡管他還是個小孩，他對社會的了解不少。

請看兩道試題：

1. _________ as it is, it can understand you.

A. A dog                   B. Dog                   C. Dogs                    D. The dog

2. _________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.

A. A quiet student as he may be                B. Quiet student as he may be

C. Be a quiet student as he may                D. Quiet as he may be a student

【分析】根據前面的分析，這兩道題的答案均為B。

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