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shall 只與第一人稱連用嗎
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2. 用于陳述句

shall用于陳述句,主要表示強(qiáng)調(diào),根據(jù)需要可用于各種人稱,具體用法如下:

(1) 表示意志或決心,即表示說話人必須使某事發(fā)生的意志或決心。如:

They shall not pass! 不會(huì)讓他們通過的!

We shall never leave you, whatever happens. 不管發(fā)生什么事情,我們永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)離開你。

(2) 表示告誡或命令,即告誡或命令某人做某事。如:

When he comes in nobody shall say a word. 他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候,誰也不許說話。

A record shall be kept of the number of students attending each class. 每次上課的學(xué)生人數(shù)均應(yīng)予以記錄。

(3) 表示答應(yīng)或許諾,即答應(yīng)或許諾聽話人某事一定會(huì)發(fā)生。如:

I shall be there, I promise you. 我會(huì)在那里的,我向你保證。

You shall have a new dress for your birthday. 你過生日會(huì)得到一件新連衣裙。

You shall receive all the money that is owed to you. 欠你的錢你都會(huì)拿到了。

(4) 表示威脅或恫嚇,即威脅或恫嚇某事肯定會(huì)發(fā)生。如:

You shall pay for this. 你要為此付出代價(jià)的。

He shall answer for his misdeeds. 他應(yīng)當(dāng)為他的錯(cuò)誤行為負(fù)責(zé)。

(5) 表示責(zé)任或規(guī)定。注意,這是shall用作情態(tài)可能命題的一個(gè)考點(diǎn),它主要表示根據(jù)條例、規(guī)章、制度、約定、協(xié)議、合同等應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任或遵守規(guī)定,此時(shí)主要用于第三人稱。如:

the expert’s fee shall be borne by the tenant. 專家費(fèi)要由承租人負(fù)擔(dān)。

All payments shall be made in cash.  所有款項(xiàng)都必須以現(xiàn)金支付。

The prisoner shall serve 20 years in jail. 罪犯必須在監(jiān)獄服刑20年。

Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work. 不滿18歲的人不得雇傭干夜間工作。

The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 校規(guī)上寫著,任何小孩都不準(zhǔn)在白天待在校外,除非有大人的陪同。

【典例分析】

01. Adolescents under the age of 18 ______ work in jobs that require them to drive.

A. needn’t            B. may not             C. shall not           D. don’t

分析:C。考查may表示允許時(shí)的否定用法。may表示允許時(shí),其意為可以,否定式may not的意思是不可以。句意為:18歲以下的青少年不可以從事需要開車的工作。又如:People who are 65 years old and over can get half-price tickets. 65歲以及65歲以上的人可以購買半價(jià)票。

02. Candidates ______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

A. can                   B. may                   C. shall                  D. will

分析:Cshall在此表規(guī)定。句意為:試卷全部收回后應(yīng)試人才可離開座位。又如:Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work.不滿十八歲的人不得雇傭干夜間工作。

03. The school rules state that no child ______ be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.

A. can                   B. may                   C. shall                  D. will

分析:Cshall在此表規(guī)定。句意為:校規(guī)上寫著,任何小孩都不準(zhǔn)在白天待在校外,除非有大人的陪同。又如:Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 試卷全部收回后應(yīng)試人才可離開座位。

 

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