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英語(yǔ)典型語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤100例(5) |
作者:DEKT-GG 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2017-03-22 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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英語(yǔ)典型語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤100例(5) 41.她不喜歡她丈夫開(kāi)快車。 誤:She didn’t enjoy when her husband drove fast. 正:She didn’t enjoy it when her husband drove fast. 析:enjoy(喜歡)在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中除極個(gè)別的口語(yǔ)用法外, 通常只用作及物動(dòng)詞,其后應(yīng)跟有賓語(yǔ)。上句中 it 用作 enjoy的賓語(yǔ),其后的 when 是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,而不是賓語(yǔ)從句。 42.這就等于說(shuō)他是個(gè)騙子。 誤:This is equal to say that he’s a cheat. 正:This is equal to saying that he’s a cheat. 析:be equal to 的意思是“等于”“能勝任”“能應(yīng)付”,其中的 to 是介詞,不是不定式符號(hào)。又如:Her sight is equal to threading a needle without glasses. 她的視力很好,能不戴眼鏡穿針引線。 43.他給自行車裝了前燈。 誤:He equipped a head light on his bike. 正:He equipped his bike with a head light. 析:equip(裝備)通常要以被裝備的對(duì)象作賓語(yǔ), 不能以裝備物作賓語(yǔ),其句型通常為“equip+裝備對(duì)象+with+裝備物”(注意相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)形式)。又如:We are going to equip the room with air-conditioning. 我們打算給這個(gè)房間裝上空調(diào)。注意不說(shuō):We’re going to equip air-conditioning in the room. 44.他設(shè)法躲避懲罰。 誤:He tried to escape from punishment. 正:He tried to escape punishment. 析:escape 表示逃避或躲避不愉快的事(如危險(xiǎn),處罰,不幸,災(zāi) 難等),是及物動(dòng)詞,其后無(wú)需用介詞。但若是表示從某體場(chǎng)所逃走、從管制或監(jiān)禁中逃走、液體或氣 體從管中漏出等,均為不及物動(dòng)詞,可與介詞 from 連用。 如:Some gas is escaping from the pipe. 煤氣管在漏氣。A lion has escaped from its cage. 有一只獅子從籠子里逃 走了。比較:He escaped prison. 他躲避了監(jiān)禁。(本該入獄但逃避了,即逃避了不愉快的事,及物) He escaped from prison. 他越獄了。(已經(jīng)入獄但逃走了,即從管制或監(jiān)禁中逃走,不及物) 45.他除了身體不舒服外,每天都上圖書(shū)館。 誤:He goes to the library every day except that he is not well. 正:He goes to the library every day except when he is not well. 析:except that和 except when 均可后接句子,但兩者在語(yǔ)義上有差別:即后者的 when含有“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”的意思,前者則沒(méi)有這層意思。比較:I know nothing about him except that he is Paris. 我只知道他是巴黎人,其他的就什么都不知道了。He never came except when he was in trouble. 除了(當(dāng)他)遇到麻煩(的時(shí)候)以外,他從不來(lái)。 46.法官非常注意這一情況,即孩子在家里并不快樂(lè)。 誤:The judge paid a lot of attention to that the child was unhappy at home. 正:The judge paid a lot of attention to the fact that the child was unhappy at home. 析:按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣,除極個(gè)別介詞(如 except, but 等)外,一般的介詞之后均不能直接跟 that 從句。如語(yǔ)義上需要接這類從句,則通常使用 the fact that 這一結(jié)構(gòu)。注:在這類句型中,the fact 用作前面介詞的賓語(yǔ),其后 that從句為修飾 the fact 的同位語(yǔ)從句,用以說(shuō)明 the fact 的具體內(nèi)容。 47.我們了解他的性格。 誤:We are familiar to his character. 正:We are familiar with his character. 析:familiar(熟悉的)有以下兩類用法須注意:一是表示某人熟悉某事物,此時(shí)通常只用作表語(yǔ),且在其后連用介詞 with; 二是表示某事物為某人所熟悉,此時(shí)可用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),其后通常連用介詞 to。比較:We are familiar with the saying. 我們熟悉這條格言。The saying is familiar to us. 這條格言我們熟悉。 48.到目前為止,這工作很容易,但情況可能有變化。 誤:So far the work is easy but things may change. 正:So far the work has been easy but things may change. 析:so far有兩個(gè)主要意思:一是表示“到目前為止”,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間,所以通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用;另一個(gè)意思是表示“到這種程度或范圍”,此時(shí)可根據(jù)情況選用時(shí)態(tài),如:I can only help him so far. 我只能幫他到這種程度。 49. 我想笑,但是不敢笑。 誤:I felt like to laugh, but I didn’t dare. 正:I felt like laughing, but I didn’t dare. 析:feel like 中的 like 不是動(dòng)詞,是介詞,所以其后只能接名詞或動(dòng)名詞,不能接不定式。feel like 的主要用法有“想要”“摸起來(lái)像”“(感到)像是……”,如: It feels like silk. 這東西摸起來(lái)像絲綢。I feel like catching a cold. 我像是感冒了。 50. 每周推出數(shù)以百計(jì)的新唱片,但(其中)沒(méi)有幾張能進(jìn)入每周流行榜。 誤:Hundreds of new records are produced each week but a few (of them) get into the charts. 正:Hundreds of new records are produced each week but few (of them) get into the charts. 析:few 和 a few均表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,few 表示數(shù)量很少或幾乎沒(méi)有,強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”,含有否定意義;a few 表示數(shù)量雖然少但畢竟還有,強(qiáng)調(diào)“有”,含有肯定意義。比較:His theory is very difficult, and few people understand it. 他的理論很深?yuàn)W,沒(méi)有幾個(gè)人能懂。His theory is very difficult, but a few people understand it. 他的理論很深?yuàn)W,但是有些人懂。 |
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