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than用法的七個(gè)關(guān)鍵要點(diǎn)
作者:JDG  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2016-12-15  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin



than用法的七個(gè)關(guān)鍵要點(diǎn)

 

1. 在通常情況下,后接人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)可用主格也可用賓格,含義一樣。如

He is taller than I [me]. 他比我高。

He swims faster than she [her]. 他比她游泳游得快。

若人稱(chēng)代詞之后跟有動(dòng)詞,則只能用主格。如

He is taller than I am. 他比我高。

He swims faster than she does. 他比她游泳游得快。

有時(shí)用主格或賓格會(huì)導(dǎo)致意思的變化。比較:

I like you better than he (likes you). 我比他更喜歡你。

I like you better than (he likes) him. 我喜歡你勝過(guò)喜歡他。

2. 通常不與由 and 連接的兩個(gè)比較級(jí)連用。如:

誤:It’s colder and colder than ever

誤:Computers are cheaper and cheaper than before.

誤:She is more and more interested in English than last year.

改正的辦法:要么去掉后面的than結(jié)構(gòu),要么將and與一個(gè)比較級(jí)。如說(shuō)成:It is colder than ever. It is colder and colder. 等。

3. than 通常用于兩個(gè)不同的人或物在同一方面進(jìn)行比較,但有時(shí)指的可能是同一個(gè)人或物在同兩個(gè)不同的方面進(jìn)行比較。如:

He’s more fat than (he’s) short. 與其說(shuō)他矮不如說(shuō)他胖。

They are more brave than wise. 他們有勇無(wú)謀。

此類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)只能用 more 構(gòu)成比較級(jí),不能用-er 形式,即使是單音節(jié)也是如此。

4. than any other后接名詞時(shí)通常用單數(shù)形式,很少用復(fù)數(shù)。如

He swims faster than any other student in his class. 他比班上的其他任何學(xué)生都游得快。

5. 當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常應(yīng)保持用前后一致的形式。如:

他認(rèn)為他自己開(kāi)車(chē)比讓我開(kāi)車(chē)要更安全些。

He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.

He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive.

若不是連接兩個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,但其后出現(xiàn)有動(dòng)詞,則該動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)名詞(雖然也可用不定式,但不如用動(dòng)名詞普通)。如:

I cleaned my shoes, which was better than doing nothing. 我把鞋子擦干凈了,這比閑著什么都不干要好。

Nothing is more unpleasant than finding [to find] insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里發(fā)現(xiàn)有蟲(chóng)子。

5. 類(lèi)似以下這類(lèi)句子,可以認(rèn)為 than就是這類(lèi)句子主語(yǔ),也可認(rèn)為than后省略了what

He never says more than is necessary. 沒(méi)有必要的話,他從不多說(shuō)。

There were more deaths than was first supposed. 死亡人數(shù)比最先預(yù)料的要多。

有時(shí)這類(lèi)句子的省略可以多種形式,且有時(shí)其主語(yǔ)可補(bǔ)充完整。如:

他比預(yù)料的要來(lái)得早。

He came earlier than expected.

He came earlier than was expected.

He came earlier than he was expected.

6. 帶有never (a) 的比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)后連用了than時(shí),是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)法,通常表示最高級(jí)的含義。如

I’ve never had a worse morning than today. 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上這樣倒霉。

若意思明確,有時(shí)可省略than結(jié)構(gòu)。如

He is fine, never better. 他很好,比以往任何時(shí)候都好。

I’ve never found a better job. 這是我找到的最好的工作。

7. 若語(yǔ)義需要,有時(shí)可后接when, if等引導(dǎo)的從句。如:

You are a little fatter than when I saw you last. 你比我上次見(jiàn)你時(shí)胖點(diǎn)了。

They work better together than if they are alone. 他們一起干比他們單干效果要好。

有時(shí)還可接沒(méi)有任何引導(dǎo)詞的句子。如:

The game was closer than the score suggests. 實(shí)際的比賽與所得的分?jǐn)?shù)相比更難分高下。

 

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