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基數詞后的dozen究竟怎么用
作者:倪肖丁  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2016-08-21  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

二、 dozen一詞的相關用法實際上,英美語言專家對此已有十分明確的闡述。

    Michael Swan的《Practical English Usage (第三版) 指出:After a number, the words dozen, hundred, thousand, million and billion have no final -s, and of is not used. This also happens after several and a few.hundred, thousand, dozen等詞用在數詞或several,a few后面時,沒有復數形式,后面也不用of。)

A J ThomsonA V Martinet合編的語法專著 A Practical English Grammar (Fourth Edition 1986)也指出:

The words hundred, thousand, million and dozen, when used of a definite number, are never made pluralhundred, thousand, million dozen,與數詞連用時,從來不用復數形式)。

Collins Cobuild English Usage(2004) 在給出On the trolley were two dozen cups and saucers以及four dozen things, three dozen chocolate chip cookies等例證以后特意指出:Note that you use the singular form dozen after a number. You do not talk about ‘two dozens cups and saucers. You also do not use ‘of ’ after dozen. You do not say ‘two dozen of cups and saucers.(注意,dozen在數詞后用單數,不要說two dozens cups and saucers, dozen后也不要用of,不能說two dozen of cups and saucers.)

J.B. HeatonN.D. Turton合編的《朗文常用英語正誤詞典》(譯文 / 朗文版1994)也指出:數百個孩子hundreds of children。如說具體數字:二百個孩子則不用of,直接說two hundred children。dozenhundred一樣。例如:‘dozens of eggs’ ‘two dozen eggs’。

通過以上論證,我們不難得出這樣的結論:基數詞(或不定冠詞)+dozen”修飾泛指的可數名詞時,后面不能用ofdozen也不能用復數。所以,《詳解詞典》的two dozen of police/eggs和《簡明英語搭配辭典》的two dozens of pencils在現代英語中都是不能成立的,應該改為two dozen police /egg/pencils92年全國高考第29小題的選項A. dozen of也不能成為正確答案。

必須說明的是,當數詞/a+dozen”修飾代詞以及被限定的名詞時,后面須加of,這時dozen仍然要用單數。例如:a dozen of his friends,three dozen of them,two dozen of the(se) eggs。

 

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