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certain與sure的用法區(qū)別與比較
作者:JDD-DZ  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2015-12-28  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin



certainsure的用法區(qū)別與比較

 

1. 兩者都可用作表語表示“一定”或“確信”,有時(shí)可互換。如:

She’s certain [sure] to win. 她肯定會(huì)贏。

She’s certain [sure] to do well in the examination. 她考試一定考得好。

If you do this, you are sure [certain] to be found out. 如果你這樣做一定會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。

He is sure [certain] to sign the contract. 他一定會(huì)簽合同。

He is certain [sure] of winning the match. 他確信能贏這場(chǎng)比賽。

當(dāng)用于 for certain /for sure, 意為“肯定地”“確切地”等,兩者可互換。如:

I don’t know for certain [sure]. 我知道得不確切。

She may come but she can’t say for certain [sure]. 她會(huì)來,但她沒說什么時(shí)候來。

還有,用于 make certain / make sure,意為“弄清楚”“弄得有把握”,兩者也可互換。如:

Please make certain [sure] that the river is not deep before you swim there. 請(qǐng)你搞清楚河水確實(shí)不深再去游泳。

I made certain [sure] that I had my keys before I left the house. 我在離開家以前先弄清楚確實(shí)帶好了鑰匙。

2. 以下情況通常只用certain,而不用sure

①當(dāng)句中用了形式主語或形式賓語 it 時(shí)。如:

It’s certain that he’ll come tomorrow. 他明天肯定會(huì)來。

I thought it certain that he would be late. 我肯定他會(huì)遲到。

②當(dāng)表示“某一”“某些”等時(shí)。如:

A certain Mrs Black rang me up today but she’d got the wrong number. 今天有個(gè)布萊克太太打電話來,但她拔錯(cuò)了號(hào)碼。

Certain traits set them apart from the others. 他們的某些特點(diǎn)使他們與眾不同。

Certain names in the book were underlined throughout. 書中在某些名字下面都畫了線。

3. Be sure (not) to do sth.(一定要或不要做某事) 結(jié)構(gòu)中通常不用 certain。如:

Be sure not to become conceited. 切不可驕傲。

Be sure to lock your bicycle. 自行車務(wù)必上鎖。

Be sure to turn off the light when you go to bed. 上床睡覺時(shí)一定要關(guān)燈。

Be sure to blow up the tyres before you drive off. 開車之前,一定要把輪胎打足氣。

4. 有許多人認(rèn)為,sure的主語只能是人,不能是事物;當(dāng)主語是事物時(shí),應(yīng)用certain。其實(shí),這是一種誤解。關(guān)于sure的主語問題,有以下幾點(diǎn)值得注意:

①當(dāng)表示說話者的態(tài)度或看法時(shí),句子主語可以是人也可以是物。由于此時(shí)用人作主語的情形同學(xué)們比較熟悉,所以下面只舉幾句用物作主語的例子。如:

It’s sure to rain tomorrow. 肯定要下雨了。

The train is sure to arrive on time. 火車一定會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)的。

The design is so good it’s sure to set the pattern for many others. 這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)很不錯(cuò),肯定會(huì)成為其他許多設(shè)計(jì)的樣板。

這類句子通常可以用I’m sure that…來替換。如:

It’s sure to rain tomorrow.=I’m sure that it will rain tomorrow.

The train is sure to arrive on time.=I’m sure that the train will arrive on time.

②當(dāng)表示句子主語的判斷或信念時(shí),句子的主語只能是人,不能是物。因?yàn)閺倪壿嬌现v,只有“人”才能作出判斷,才有自己的信念。如:

I’ m sure I won’t lose my way. 我肯定不會(huì)迷路的。

I’m sure we’ve met before. 我敢肯定我們從前見過面。

注:certain的主語特點(diǎn)也符合以上情形。

 

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