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四、疑問句

用來(lái)詢問情況、提出質(zhì)疑、表示懷疑或征求意見時(shí)，就得使用疑問句。根據(jù)疑問句的形式和意義，可將疑問句分為四種類型，即：一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。

1. 一般疑問句：用yes或no來(lái)回答的疑問句，一般疑問句用升調(diào)。陳述句變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)分三種情況：

1) 陳述句中有系動(dòng)詞be、助動(dòng)詞be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should, had或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought時(shí)，將這些系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首，并在句末加上問號(hào)。如：

I’ll go to the History Museum this afternoon. — Will you go to the History Museum this afternoon?  今天下午你去了歷史博物館嗎(from www.52ysedu.com)？

I visited Beijing last month. — Did you visit Beijing last month? 上個(gè)月你參觀了北京嗎？

在對(duì)疑問句進(jìn)行回答時(shí)，須注意：

(1) 當(dāng)回答could, would所提的問題時(shí)，一般用can, will. 如：

—Could you help me with my homework this evening? —Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.

—Would you go there right now? —Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.

在對(duì)方向你表示邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，可用OK, sorry等來(lái)替代Yes，No.

(2) 在對(duì)用may所提問題的否定回答時(shí)，一般用mustn’t / can’t；而在對(duì)用 must所提的問題進(jìn)行否定回答時(shí)，一般用needn’t / don’t have to. 如：

—May I use your bike now? —Yes, you may. / No, you can’t. (mustn’t)

—Must I stay at school this afternoon? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t (don’t have to).

2) 原陳述中沒有系動(dòng)詞be、助動(dòng)詞be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should had或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought時(shí)，則在句首加助動(dòng)詞Do的適當(dāng)形式，同時(shí)，將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵�形�?dòng)詞。如(from www.52ysedu.com)：

We speak Chinese. — Do you speak Chinese? 你講漢語(yǔ)嗎？

I went shopping yesterday. —Did you go shopping yesterday? 昨天你去買東西了嗎？

3) 原陳述句中，若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have / has, 則須考慮have / has的意義。如果have / has是“有”的意義時(shí)，變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)，既可在句首加Do的適當(dāng)形式，也可將have / has,提到句首。如：

He has a beautiful pen. —Has he a beautiful pen? / does he have a beautiful pen? 他有一只漂亮的鋼筆嗎？

但若have / has,的意思不是“有”時(shí)，變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)，則必須在句手加Do的適當(dāng)形式。如

I have lunch at home. —Do you have lunch at home? 你在家吃中飯嗎？

We had a meeting last night. —Did you have a meeting last night?  昨天晚上你開會(huì)了嗎？

(4) 原陳述句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to時(shí)，它的一般疑問句，可將used移到句首；也可在句首加Did 。如：

I used to go swimming in the river. —Did you use to go swimming in the river? / Used you to go swimming in the river? 你過去常常去那條河里游泳嗎？

(5) 當(dāng)心need, dare兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞。這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞既可以做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可以做行為動(dòng)詞。做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，直接將它們移到句首。此時(shí)，若用need的問句，肯定回答時(shí)用must，否定回答時(shí)，用needn’t。若作行為動(dòng)詞，則用Do的適當(dāng)?shù)男问教釂枴Ｈ纾?o:p>

—Need I come here tomorrow?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

—I need to go to school now. —Do you need to go to school now?

—Dare you tell your father about it?

—Do you dare to go out at night?

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