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英語八類狀語從句的用法歸納
作者:hongyu  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2008-08-04  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin



英語八類狀語從句的用法歸納 

 

一、概說

狀語從句即指在主從復合句用作狀語的從句。按照其意義,狀語從句可分為時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結果狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。狀語從句是高中英語學習中的一個語法重點,也是歷年高考重點考查的內容之一。學習狀語從句主要應注意引導狀語從句的從屬連詞的用法與區別,以及從屬連詞在一定的語言環境中的意義與用法。

二、時間狀語從句

1. 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞很多,常見的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。

2. 表示“當…時候”的 while, when, as 的用法區別是:while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞;表示帶有規律性的每當或當主、從句謂語動詞的動作發生有先后時,只能用 when;當表示“一邊一邊…”或“隨著”時只能用 as。另外,用于此義的 as 所引導的時間狀語從句謂語只能是動作動詞,不能是狀態動詞。如下面一道高考題的答案是 B 而不能是A

“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”

A. As             B. While         C. Because              D. If

3. until 肯定句中通常只連用延續性動詞,表示相應動作結束的時間;在否定句中通常連用非延續性動詞,表示相應動作開始的時間,意為“直到…才”。如:

He waited until she was about to leave. 他等著一直到她準備離開。

I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才開始工作。

4. 表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,還可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如:

I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。

Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她剛到就下起雪來了。

The moment I have finished I'll give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。

5. every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等以 time 結尾的詞語也可用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句。如

Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你進來,請關門。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時他什么也沒告訴我。

By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家時她已睡覺了。

三、條件狀語從句

1. 引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 if, unless, as [so] long as等。如:

Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打電話,否則你別來。

If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔細瞧你會看出該怎樣做。

As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy. 只要你盡力,我們就滿意了。

2. in case 也可引導條件狀語從句,其意為“如果”、“萬一”。如:

In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了,請提醒我。

四、讓步狀語從句

1. 引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 although, though, however (=no matter how), even if(即使), whether…or(不論還是)等連詞。如

The speech is good, though it could be better. 這次演講不錯,雖然還可以再好一點。

He went out even though it was raining. 盡管下雨,他還是出去了。

2. as 也可引導讓步狀語從句,但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到 as ,若提前的是單數可數名詞,要省略 a / an。如:

Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything. 雖然是老師,他也不可能什么都懂。

3. 連詞 while 有時也可表示“盡管”、“雖然”,引導讓步狀語從句。如:

While we don’t agree we continue to be friends. 盡管我們意見不同,我們還是朋友。

4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引導讓步狀語從句。如:

Don’t lose heart whatever you do. 不管你做什么,都不要灰心。

Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是誰,你都不能從這里通過。

表示雖然 though, although 不可與 but 連用但可與 yet, still 連用。

 

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