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情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法歸納
作者:HMYYBB  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2015-10-28  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin



情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法歸納

 

1. 表示義務(wù)、命令或必要

主要用于用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句。具體用法如下:

(1)意為“必須”。如:

Soldiers must obey orders. 軍人必須服從命令。

Something must be done to stop pollution. 必須采取措施來(lái)防止污染。(可跟被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

I think I must be going. 我想我得走了。(可跟進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))

注:must have to 的用法及區(qū)別:

must have to 都表示“必須”,有時(shí)二者可以通用,如:

I must / have to leave now. 我得走了。

must表示說(shuō)話人的主觀看法,have to 表示客觀的需要。如:

I feel I must write to thank you for your help. 我覺(jué)得我必須寫信感謝你對(duì)我的幫助。

It is raining hard. You have to take an umbrella. 雨下得很大,你得帶把傘。

must只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式;have to有更多時(shí)態(tài)。如:

We had to be there at eight. 我們八點(diǎn)鐘必須到那兒。

“You’ll have to get off here,” the conductor said. “你得在這里下車了,”售票員說(shuō)。

must用于賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中也可表示過(guò)去情況。如:

He said that he must buy a gift for Mary. 他說(shuō)他必須給瑪麗買個(gè)禮物。

She insists that I must do it by myself. 他堅(jiān)持這事我必須獨(dú)立完成。

mustn’t表示“禁止”“不許”;表示“不必”時(shí),要用have to的各種形式。如:

You must not go there. 你不準(zhǔn)去那兒。

We mustn’t smoke here, must we? 我們?cè)谶@兒絕不能吸煙,是嗎?

We don’t have to buy a new radio. 我們不必買新收音機(jī)了。

must開頭的疑問(wèn)句,肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t don’t have to.如:

Must I do it? 我一定要做這件事嗎?

Yes, you must. (No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.) 是的,一定要做。(不必。)

(2)意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)”。如:

We must have a discussion about it before making a decision. 再作決定之前我們應(yīng)該討論一下。

You must read the book. 你應(yīng)該讀那本書。

(3)表示必然性。如:

Man must die. 人必有一死。

What must be will be. 注定要發(fā)生的事總要發(fā)生。

(4)表示與說(shuō)話人愿望相反及不耐煩,意為“偏要”“偏偏”。如:

Why must she keep on asking? 他干嗎非要問(wèn)個(gè)不停?

We were ready to leave, the neighbor must come and chatter. 我們剛準(zhǔn)備好要走, 鄰居偏偏過(guò)來(lái)聊天。

2. 表示推測(cè)

must表示推測(cè)通常只用于肯定句,意為“準(zhǔn)是”、“一定”,在否定句或疑問(wèn)句用can 如:

(1) must+動(dòng)詞原形表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)。如:

You must be tired after your long journey. 你走了這么遠(yuǎn)的路,一定很累。

It must be true. 那必定是真的。

The man she married must have a lot of money. 她嫁的那個(gè)人一定有不少錢。

(2) must+ have+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)。如:

We must have taken the wrong road. 我們一定走錯(cuò)路了。

He must have arrived there. 他必已到達(dá)那兒了。

(3) must+ 進(jìn)行式。

表示對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。如:

Hurry up! Mother must be waiting anxiously. 快點(diǎn)!媽媽一定等急了。

有時(shí)表示“即將”,“將要”如:

I must be leaving now. 我得走了。.

有時(shí)must+ 進(jìn)行式用來(lái)表示“老是在(干某事)”,如:

Why must you always be finding fault with others? 你為什么老是挑別人的毛病?

(4) must+ 完成進(jìn)行式,表示“準(zhǔn)是一直在”如:

Someone must have been smoking here.一定有人一直在這里抽煙。

They are sweating all over, They must have been playing football on the playground. 他們渾身是汗,準(zhǔn)時(shí)在操場(chǎng)踢足球來(lái)著。

 

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