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兩組關(guān)系代詞的用法辨析
作者:陳根花  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2008-07-25  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin



兩組關(guān)系代詞的用法辨析

 

1. that which:兩者都可指物,?苫Q,其區(qū)別是:

(1) 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句或直接放在介詞后作賓語時(shí),要用which。如:

Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開車很快,這是很危險(xiǎn)的。

This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while. 這是一個(gè)我們可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間爭(zhēng)論的問題。

(2) 當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞或被其修飾、受the very, the only, the same 等修飾、受形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞(包括last, next)等修飾、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作表語或先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí),通常用that。如

All that can be done must be done.  凡能做的事都必須做。

This is the only book (that) I find useful. 這是我發(fā)現(xiàn)的惟一有用的書。

The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。

China is not the country (that) it was. 中國已不是過去的中國了。

2. as which

(1) 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí),在 such, as, the same 后只能用 as,其他情況用 which。如:

He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起來那么傻。

He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一種他買得起的最貴的煙。

(2) 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí),有時(shí)兩者可互換,但若位于主句之前,則只能用as。如:

I live a long way from work, as [which] you know. 我住得離工作單位很遠(yuǎn),這你是知道的。

As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 月球每月繞地球轉(zhuǎn)一周,這是每個(gè)人都清楚的。

另外,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句應(yīng)與主句在意義上和諧一致,which無此限制。如:

He went abroad, as [which] was expected. 他出國了,這是大家預(yù)料到的。

He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出國了,這讓大家感到很意外。(不用as)


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