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《英語常用詞匯辨析手冊》精彩片段
作者:admin  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2013-07-18  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

already, yet, still

already通常用于肯定句,意思是已經yet一般用于疑問句和否定句,意思是“已經,還” 。如:

I have seen the film already. 我已經看過這部電影了。

Have you seen the film yet? 你已經看這部電影了嗎?

He hasn’t come yet. 他還沒來。

但要注意以下幾點:

1already有時用于疑問句,表示期待一個肯定回答或表示驚奇。如:

—Have you seen the film already? 你已經看過這部電影了嗎?

—Yes, I have. 是的,我已看過了。

2already一般用在完成時的句子里。有時也可用于過去時的句子里,但要求動詞是延續性的。

He has already seen the film. 她已經看了這個電影。

He already knew about it. 關于此事,他那時就知道了。(know是延續性動詞)

3already不能用在否定的陳述句中,但可用在肯定或否定的由if引導的條件從句中。如: 

If he hasn’t seen the film already, he may get the ticket. 如果他從未看過這部電影,他可以得到這張票。

still則表示某事或某種狀態持續得比預期的要長,而感到驚訝,主要用于否定句中。如:

I have still not heard the story. 那個故事我還沒有聽過。

still和(notyet常用來形成對比。如:

He’s still busy; he has not finished his work yet. 他雖然很忙,但還沒有做完工作。

在將來時態中,yet遲早的意思,still則表示表仍然。如:

He will still win. 他仍然會取勝。(他以前曾經勝過)

He will win yet. 他遲早會取勝的。(雖然他以前不曾取勝)

 

also, too, either, as well

四者都可作副詞用,意思都是,但用法不同。also的位置放在行為動詞之前,系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞之后。如:

She also went to the theatre. 她也去看戲了。

She was also wrong. 她也錯了。

She can also do it. 她也能做那件事。

too常用于句末,前面可用逗號,也可不用。如:

He is a worker, too.=He is a worker too.)還可以說:He, too, is a worker. 他是一位工人。

too用于形容詞或副詞之前,意為“太,過于”。如:

The scenery is too beautiful for words. 風景美得無法言傳。

He drives too fast. 他開車太快了。

also, too一般用于肯定句中,但too有時可用于否定句中,且必須放在否定詞前。如:

I didn’t know him and she too didn’t know him. 我不認識他,她也不認識他。

either只用于否定句中,必須放在句末。如:

You didn’t go there. I didn’t go there, either.=Neither did I.你沒去那兒,我也沒去。

as well等于too,但總是位于句末。如:

I’m going to London and my sister’s going as well. 我打算去倫敦,我妹妹也去。

I bought a book as well.=too, also我也買了一本書。

但是下面句子中的also不能直接用too, as well替代。

I also bought a book. =I, too, bought a book.

 

although, though, as

althoughthough用法基本相同,作連詞常可以通用。

though常用于口語和非正式文體中,在句中位置較靈活;而although大多出現在正式文體中,語氣較though強烈,常用于句首。如:

Though he is weak, he works just as hard as others. 他雖然體弱,但工作得和其他人一樣努力。

The enemy, though strong, does not have enough soldiers. 敵人雖強,但兵力不足。

Although I haven’t much ability, I have a good neighbor to rely on. 我能力雖不強,但有個好鄰居可依靠。

though可以作副詞,放句末;although則不能,在even though, as though等短語中的though不可改作although 如:

He didn’t tell me what he had done, but I knew it though. 他沒有告訴我他干了些什么,可是我還是知道了。

That wasn’t all, though. 還不僅僅是這樣呢。

He acted as though he were mad. 他表現得象瘋了似的。

asthough可引導發生倒裝的讓步狀語從句,將作表語的形容詞、名詞等提前,此時不能用although 如:

Difficult as/though the task may be, there is great hope. 事情盡管困難,卻大有希望。

Child as he is, he knows a lot. 雖是個孩子,但他知道很多。

漢語中雖然……但是(然而)……”常用在一個句子中,但英語的though卻不能和but連用,因為though是從屬連詞,but是并列連詞,兩者在句法上是相矛盾的;如果強調對比,可用yetstill。如:

Though the factory is small, yetstillits products are of good quality. 這家工廠雖小,產品質量卻很好。

 

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