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一種表達(dá)“條件與結(jié)果”的常用句式 |
作者:劉永科 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2013-05-31 文章錄入:劉永科 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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一種表達(dá)“條件與結(jié)果”的常用句式 ■山東 劉永科
在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中,我們經(jīng)常碰到這樣一些句子: Think it over, and you will find the answer. 思考一下,你就會(huì)找到答案。 Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. 快一點(diǎn),不然你會(huì)上課遲到。 感覺(jué)Think it over和Hurry up兩個(gè)祈使句,好像表示“條件”,后面的句子是“結(jié)果”。這是英語(yǔ)中十分常見(jiàn)的一種表達(dá)方式,相比條件句而言,顯得更加簡(jiǎn)練和上口。這種句式可歸納為以下兩種情況: 一、祈使句(表示條件)+ and +主句(表示正面的結(jié)果) Work hard and you will make progress. 如果努力學(xué)習(xí),你就會(huì)取得進(jìn)步。 Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他得寸進(jìn)尺。 二、祈使句(表示條件)+ or / or else / otherwise +主句(表示反面的結(jié)果) Get dressed quickly, or you’ll be late for Betty’s birthday party. 穿衣快一點(diǎn),否則會(huì)耽誤貝蒂的生日聚會(huì)的。 Please call me up before you come, otherwise we might be out. 你來(lái)之前打個(gè)電話,否則,我們也許會(huì)在外面。 有時(shí)祈使句可簡(jiǎn)化成一個(gè)名詞性短語(yǔ),短語(yǔ)中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等詞。例如: A bit more effort and you will succeed. (=Make a bit more effort and you will succeed.) It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well. A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scientist. 【注意】上述兩種句式經(jīng)常可以轉(zhuǎn)化為條件句或者表示條件的分詞短語(yǔ): (1) 努力工作,你定會(huì)成功。 Work hard and you will succeed. If you work hard, you will succeed.(注意沒(méi)有and) Working hard, you will succeed.(注意沒(méi)有and) (2) 快一點(diǎn),不然你將錯(cuò)過(guò)最后班車(chē)。 Hurry up, or you will miss the last bus. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the last bus.(If條件句用否定,注意沒(méi)有or) Unless you hurry up, you will miss the last bus.(Unless引導(dǎo)條件句,注意沒(méi)有 or) 近年來(lái),在全國(guó)及各省市高考英語(yǔ)試題中,這種句式經(jīng)常以不同的方式被考查。請(qǐng)留意下列高考試題所考查的不同側(cè)面: 1. Stand over there______ you’ll be able to see it better.(天津高考) A. or B. while C. but D. and 說(shuō)明:考查連詞and。 2. _____ straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.(湖北高考) A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going 說(shuō)明:考查動(dòng)詞原形go。 3. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____ advertisements showing happy families.(湖南高考) A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen 說(shuō)明:考查時(shí)態(tài)will。 4. _____ some of this juice—perhaps you will like it.(京皖春招) A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried 說(shuō)明:破折號(hào)相當(dāng)于and,仍是祈使句表?xiàng)l件。 5. Follow your doctor’s advice, _____ your cough will get worse.(遼寧高考) A. or B. and C. then D. so 說(shuō)明:考查反面的結(jié)果,用連詞or。
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