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做非謂語動詞考題的常用技巧
作者:劉青沅  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2013-05-17  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

2. 根據英語的表達習慣來確定

非謂語動詞的主動與被動除根據句意來確定外,有時還要遵循英語的表達習慣,尤其是在有些表達中,盡管意義上是被動的,但形式上卻要用主動式來表達。如:

This machine is very easy ______. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. (遼寧卷)

A. operating        B. to be operating      C. operated               D. to operate

解析:答案為Dsth is easy to do 這類句式中,盡管句子主語與 easy 后的不定式具有動賓關系,該不定式習慣上卻要用主動形式表示被動意義,而不能直接使用被動形式。又如:The shower is easy to install — it needs only to be connected up to the hot and cold water supply. 淋浴器很容易安裝——只要接上冷熱水就行。

3. 注意用過去分詞表被動

1  When ______ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. (安徽卷)

A. asking                B. asked                 C. having asked      D. to be asked

解析:答案為B。由于句子主語與動詞 ask 之間為被動關系,故可排除 A C;再根據句意和動作的先后關系,最佳答案應為 B。又如:When asked for your views about your current job, on no account must you be negative about it. 被問及你對自己目前工作的看法時,無論如何不要流露出消極情緒。

2  After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ______. (山東卷)

A. providing          B. provided          C. having provided  D. provide

解析:答案為B。由于 the envelop 與動詞 provide 之間為被動關系,故只能選 B,其余三項均不表示被動關系。又如:Members shall enter the names of their guests in the book provided. 會員必須把所邀客人的名字登記在提供的本子上。

 

四、識別假非謂語動詞考點的技巧

有些考題盡管選項用了非謂語動詞作干擾,但命題者其實不是考查非謂語動詞。這其中真正的考點通常有兩種可能:一是考查祈使句,二是考查某些特殊句式。如:

1  ______ at the door before you enter my room, please. (北京卷)

A. Knock                B. Knocking            C. Knocked             D. To knock

解析:答案為A。此題從四個選項來看,好像是在考查非謂語動詞,但實際上,本題考查的是祈使句的用法,即該句的主句是一個祈使句,句子后半部分是一個由 before 引導的時間狀語從句。又如:Before you send the letter, check with Bill to see if the address is right. 你在寄信之前找比爾核對一下,看地址對不對。

2  I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or ______ his job. (浙江卷)

A. quits                    B. to quit                 C. quitting                D. quit

解析:答案為D。根據 either…or…的搭配特點,空格處應填一個與study 形式相同的動詞,也就是用動詞原形,故答案為 D。又如:You can either come by bus or take a taxi. 你可乘公共汽車來或是坐的士來。

(編輯  陳根花)

 

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