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“only+狀語”置于句首時其后句子一定要用倒裝嗎
作者:陳根花  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點擊數(shù)  更新時間:2013-05-16  文章錄入:陳根花  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

“only+狀語置于句首時其后句子一定要用倒裝嗎  

   

湖南  陳根花  

   

國內(nèi)出版的絕大部分英語語法書,在談到涉及 only 的倒裝時,大都是這樣描述的:當(dāng)“only+狀語置于句首時其后句子要用倒裝。有的還說得相當(dāng)絕對:當(dāng)“only+狀語置于句首時其后句子一定要用倒裝。  

當(dāng)然only+狀語置于句首時,其后用倒裝的例句非常普遍。如:  

(1) Only now can I begin to apprehend the power of these forces.  直到現(xiàn)在我才真正了解這些隊伍的力量。  

(2) Only if the chairperson resigns will we be able to restore the confidence of our members. 只有主席辭職,我們才能恢復(fù)成員的信心。  

(3) The pilot reassured the passengers. Only then did I realize how dangerous the situation had been.  飛機駕駛員要乘客們放心,這時我才明白剛才的情況有多危險。  

(4) Only when each logical step has been checked by other mathematicians will the proof be accepted.  只有每一邏輯步驟都被其他數(shù)學(xué)家驗證之后,證明才能成立。  

(5) Only by keeping down costs will   America   maintain its competitive advantage over other countries.  只有通過控制成本,美國才能保持對其他國家的競爭優(yōu)勢。  

   

但是,當(dāng)“only+狀語置于句首時其后句子就一定要用倒裝嗎?不一定!這要分情況來看。  

第一種情況  倒裝  

若置于句首的“only+狀語強調(diào)的是唯一性排他性,其后要用部分倒裝。如:  

(1) Only when the masses are fully mobilized can victory be won. 只有充分發(fā)動群眾,才能取得勝利。  

這句話的言外之意是:取得勝利的唯一前提是充分發(fā)動群眾  

(2) Only gradually are technologies being developed to mechanize the task. 使這項任務(wù)實現(xiàn)機械化的技術(shù)只能逐步發(fā)展。  

這句話的言外之意是:使這項任務(wù)實現(xiàn)機械化的技術(shù)只有逐步發(fā)展這一條路,這是唯一的,它排除了其他的可能性。  

(3) Only when we have weighed all the factors involved can we decide when would be the best time to start. 只有權(quán)衡了所有有關(guān)的因素之后,我們才能決定何時開始最佳。  

這句話的言外之意是:要決定何時才是最佳的開始時間,其唯一前提是在權(quán)衡所有有關(guān)的因素之后  

第二種情況  不倒裝  

若置于句首的“only+狀語不強調(diào)唯一性排他性,比如當(dāng)其中的 only 表示 just as recently as 等意思時,此時其后的句子則不用倒裝。如:  

(1) Only today I saw her—she looks much better.    

——摘自Oxford Practical English Usage  

句意:就在今天我還見過她——她看起來好多了。  

(2) Only last week you said you would never smoke again. That didn’t last long, did it?   

——摘自Oxford Practical English Usage  

句意:就在上個星期你還說過你不再吸煙了。你的話過不了多久就不算數(shù),是不是?   

(3) Only a year ago, he was on the rack with a heroin addiction that began when he was 13.   

——摘自Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary  

句意:就在一年前,他還被13歲時開始染上的海洛因毒癮所折磨。  

(4) Only five short years later, your money will have grown by $94,000.   

——摘自Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary  

句意:僅短短 5 年時間后,你的錢就會增多 94,000 美元。  

(5) Only yesterday, it seemed to her, she had born Sophia.   

——摘自《薄冰高級英語語法》  

句意:她似乎覺得她昨天才生的索菲婭。  

比較:  

  裝:Only today did I see her. 我只在今天見過她。(即其他時間未見過她)  

不倒裝:Only today I saw her. 我就在今天還見過她。(說明見過她后時間還不久)

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