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英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)詳解:一般將來(lái)時(shí)
作者:陳根花  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2008-05-16  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

四、三種將來(lái)時(shí)間表示法的比較

(1) “will / shall+動(dòng)詞原形“be going to +動(dòng)詞原形

兩者均可表示將來(lái)時(shí)間和意圖,兩者有時(shí)可換用:

I think it’ll rain this evening. / I think it’s going to rain this evening. 我想今晚會(huì)下雨。

I won’t tell you about it. / I’m not going to tell you about it. 我不會(huì)把這事告訴你的。

但有時(shí)有差別:

若是強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)意圖是經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮好的,則通常要用be going to;若是表示某個(gè)意圖沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮,而是在說(shuō)話(huà)的當(dāng)時(shí)才臨時(shí)想到的,則通常用will。比較:

"Ann is in hospital." "Oh, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her." “安住院了。”“啊,真的嗎?我還不知道。我要去看看她。” (臨時(shí)想法,不能用be going to)

"Ann is in hospital." "Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow. “安住院了。”“我知道,我打算明天去看看她。” (事先考慮的意圖,不能用will)

若是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事,通常只用be going to,不用will

Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain. 看那些烏云,要下雨了。

帶有時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句通常不宜用be going to,而用will

When he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他回來(lái)時(shí)我就告訴他這個(gè)消息。

If he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他若回來(lái)我就告訴他這個(gè)消息。

(2)“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

be going to主要表示主觀(guān)想法或意圖,而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行進(jìn)表示將來(lái)則主要已經(jīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)作出的安排。比較:

I’m going to wash the car if I have time. 若有時(shí)間我想洗洗車(chē)。(主觀(guān)想法)

I’m picking you up at 6; don’t forget. 6點(diǎn)鐘來(lái)接你,不要忘了。(已作出的安排)

但是當(dāng)要表示主觀(guān)無(wú)法控制的預(yù)測(cè)時(shí),通常要用be going to,不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài):

It’s going to snow before long. 不久會(huì)下雪。

Things are going to get better soon. 情況很快就會(huì)好起來(lái)。

當(dāng)表示堅(jiān)持要(不要)某人做某事時(shí),兩者均可用:

She’s taking [going to take] that medicine whether he likes it or not. 不管她喜歡不喜歡,她都得吃那藥。

You’re not wearing [going to wear] that skirt to school. 你不可以穿那條裙子去上學(xué)。

(3) “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形“be to+動(dòng)詞原形的區(qū)別

兩者均可表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,有時(shí)可互換(be tobe going to正式)

Where are we going to stay tonight? 我們今晚住哪里?

I’m (going) to play tennis this afternoon. 我打算今天下午打網(wǎng)球。

另外,be going to 還可表示預(yù)測(cè),即根據(jù)已有跡象預(yù)測(cè)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,此時(shí)不能用be to

Look, it’s going to rain. 看,要下雨了。

 

五、典型一般將來(lái)時(shí)考題詳解

【例1Turn on the television or open a magazine and you __________ advertisements showing happy families

A. will often see                                 B. often see

C. are often seeing                              D. have often seen

分析:A。這是祈使句+and +陳述句句型,祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,and后的陳述句的謂語(yǔ)用來(lái)時(shí),這是一個(gè)較為固定的句型。

 

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