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besides, but, except, except for, but for的用法及區(qū)別
作者:JDD  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2013-05-13  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

besides, but, except, except for, but for的用法及區(qū)別

 

一、besides的用法

besides 表示一種累加關(guān)系,意思是“除了什么之外,還有……”。如:

Mary knows Japanese besides French. 除法語(yǔ)外,瑪麗還懂日語(yǔ)。

There were other sports besides soccer. 除了足球還有其他的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Who’s prepared to work overtime besides me? 除我之外還有誰(shuí)愿意加班?

但是,在否定句中,besides 表示……之外不再有…… ”but, except 同義。如:

I care for nothing besides this. 除此之外,我什么也不要。

No one writes to me besides you. 除你之外,沒有人給我寫信。

另外,besides 后除接名詞或代詞外,還可接動(dòng)名詞或名詞性從句。如:

Besides being a teacher, he was a poet. 除了是位教師外,他還是位詩(shī)人。

Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden. 除了做飯之外我還得管園子。

I know nothing besides what I have told you. 除了我已對(duì)你說(shuō)的之外,其他的我別無(wú)所知。

 

二、but except的用法

1. but except 可表……外不再有……”,但兩者在含義上有細(xì)微差別but側(cè)重指意義的幾乎完整性,而 except 則側(cè)重指后面除去的部分。比較:

All are here but one. 除一個(gè)人都到了。

All are here except one. 還有一個(gè)人沒到。

2. 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,but 的介詞用法十分有限,一般說(shuō)來(lái),它只能用在下列詞語(yǔ)之后:

no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere

any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere

every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere

all, none

who, what, where

請(qǐng)看以下典型例句:

Everyone was there but him. 除他之外,大家都在。

I have told this to no one but you. 除你之外,這事我沒告訴任何人。

You can come any day but Friday. 除了星期五之外,你哪天來(lái)都行。

I’ll do anything but that. 我絕不會(huì)干那種事。

一般說(shuō)來(lái),若沒有出現(xiàn)上述詞匯,就不宜使用介詞 but,否則可能造成錯(cuò)句。但是 except 卻沒有以上限制。比較:

正:The window is never opened except in summer. 除夏天外,這扇窗戶從不打開。

誤:The window is never opened but in summer.

3. but 通常不能置于句首,而 except 一般不能置于句首。如:

除我之外每個(gè)人都累了。

正:Everyone is tired but (except) me.

正:Everyone but (except) me is tired.

誤:But (Except) me, everyone is tired.

但是,except for 可以用于句首,與 except 意思相同。如:

Except for me, everyone is tired. 除我之外每個(gè)人都累了。

Except for her, everyone came. 除她外,大家都來(lái)了。

Except for Jim, everyone went there. 除吉姆外,大家都去了。

 

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