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語法陷阱題800例—?jiǎng)釉~用法與辨析
作者:HMX  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2012-06-06  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin



語法陷阱題800例—?jiǎng)釉~用法與辨析

 

 

典型陷阱題分析

1. If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.

A. advertise                                              B. advertise for

C. advertise on                                          D. advertise to

【陷阱】容易誤選B,認(rèn)為 advertise 的意思是做廣告advertise for 的意思……做廣告

【分析】事實(shí)上,正確答案為Aadvertise 可用作及物和不及物動(dòng)詞:用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其意為……做廣告登廣告宣傳;用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其意為做廣告登廣告,此時(shí)通常后接介詞 for,表示做廣告征求。比較:

advertise for sth (sb) 登廣告征求或?qū)ふ夷澄锘蚰橙?/FONT> (此時(shí) advertise 不及物)

advertise sth ……登廣告,登廣告宣傳……(此時(shí) advertise 是及物動(dòng)詞,其后要直接跟被宣傳的東西作賓語)

People advertise things that they wish to sell. 人們?yōu)橐u的東西登廣告。

The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary. 經(jīng)理想登廣告招聘一位新秘書。

再比較以下用例:

advertise jobs 登廣告招人

advertise for jobs 登廣告求職

2. No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.

A. serve                                                   B. serve for

C. serve to                                                D. serve on

【陷阱】容易誤選B,即字對字地翻譯漢語的全心全意為人民服務(wù),將其中的譯為 for

【分析】答案選Aserve 意為……服務(wù),可直接用作及物動(dòng)詞,其后不能按漢語意思誤加介詞 for。請看以下類似例子:

(1) I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.

A. rang                                                    B. rang to

C. rang with                                             D. rang to

答案選Aring 可以用作及物動(dòng)詞,表示……打電話,故其后不用介詞。

(2) Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.

A. marry                                                  B. marry to

C. marry with                                           D. marry for

答案選Amarry 可用作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞,用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)它的意思……結(jié)婚,而不僅僅是結(jié)婚,也就是說,后接賓語時(shí),無需用介詞 to, with 等。

(3) How can I _____ you, Mr. Green?

A. contact                                                 B. contact with

C. contact to                                             D. contact for

答案選Acontact 為及物動(dòng)詞,表示……聯(lián)系,其后不接介詞。

3. According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.

A. read                                                     B. watch

C. notice                                                  D. look at

【陷阱】容易誤選A。因?yàn)榘凑沼⒄Z一般習(xí)慣:看書看報(bào)用動(dòng)詞 read,看電視用動(dòng)詞watch,看電影用動(dòng)詞see,看比賽用動(dòng)詞watch,看黑板用動(dòng)詞look at,等等。

【分析】一般說來,漢語的看書至少有兩層意思,一是指閱讀性地看書,即看書=讀書,此時(shí)通常用動(dòng)詞read;另一種看書則不是指閱讀性地看書,而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看,比如看看書的封面、定價(jià)、內(nèi)容提要等,或者回答問題時(shí)看看書的某些章節(jié)或字句以及考試時(shí)偷看書本等等,此時(shí)通常都不宜用動(dòng)詞read,而應(yīng)根據(jù)情況選用其他動(dòng)詞( look at)。又如:

Let me have a look at the book. 讓我看看或翻翻這本書。

Please answer my questions without looking at your books. 請不看書回答我的問題。

 

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