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高中英語 語法陷阱題800例-名詞
作者:HMX  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2012-06-03  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin



高中英語 語法陷阱題800-名詞

 

典型陷阱題分析

1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.

A. a, tear                                                  B. a piece of, tears

C. a, tears                                                 D. a piece of, tear

【陷阱】誤選D,許多學生錯誤地認為,既然news(消息) paper()均為不可數名詞,那么newspaper(報紙)也應是不可數的;同時認為眼淚淚水不可數,淚水眼淚也應該不可數。

【分析】最佳答案為Cnewspaper tear均為可數名詞,它們不僅可以連用不定冠詞、可以用復數,而且還可以連用數詞。

Her eyes filled with tears. 她熱淚盈眶。

She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼淚。

The newspapers were full of lies. 報紙上一片謊言。

A newspaper is a publication. 報紙是一種出版物。

順便說一句,若不是將 newspaper 當作是供閱讀或傳遞信息的一種東西,而只是把它當成一種來看待,也可用作不可數名詞,如:(www.52ysedu.com)

Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用張報紙包起來。

2. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.

A. cooker, typewriter                                 B. cook, typist

C. cooker, typist                                        D. cook, typewriter

【陷阱】誤選A,許多同學想當然地認為:cook 用作動詞,表示煮飯,所以 cooker 應是其相應的名詞,表示煮飯的人,即廚師type 用作動詞,表示打字,所以 typewriter 應表示打字員

【分析】而事實是:cook=廚師,cooker=炊具;typist=打字員,typewriter=打字機。即此題正確答案為B

3. “Why couldn’t they meet us at five o’clock?” “Because they were delayed by ________.”

A. heavy traffic                                              B. heavy traffics

C. crowded traffic                                     D. crowded traffics

【陷阱】BCD三項均容易誤選。

【分析】對于此題,首先要明確traffic為不可數名詞,沒有復數形式,故排除BD。另外,漢語習慣說交通擁擠,而英語習慣上卻不能用crowded 來修飾 traffic,要表示漢語的交通擁擠,英語通常說heavy traffic,即選A。如下面一題也是選A

She is not a competent driver and can’t cope with driving in _______.

A. heavy traffic                                              B. heavy traffics

C. crowded traffic                                     D. crowded traffics

4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.

A. cattle is                                                B. cattle are

C. cattles are                                             D. the cattles are

【陷阱】此題容易誤選A,想當然地認為cattle是單數,并且空格有表單數的one,自然謂語動詞用is

【陷阱】其實,正確答案為Bcattle(牲畜,牛)為集合名詞,盡管它不帶復數詞尾-s,卻永遠表示復數意義,若用作主語,謂語要用復數。又如:

For this many cattle were killed. 為此宰了不少牲畜。

The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一樣被趕到一起。

類似地,police(警察)people()police(警察)poultry(家禽)等也具有同樣用法,即只有單數形式,但卻表示復數意義;用作主語時謂語通常也用復數;不與 a(n) 連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指)。如:

The poultry have been fed. 家禽已經喂過飼料了。

In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英國警察通常不帶槍。

It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘記道謝的時候,我就不痛快。

5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.

A. mean, mean                                          B. means, means   

C. means, mean                                         D. mean, means

【陷阱】誤選C,認為第一空前有all修飾,故用means,而第二空前有every修飾,故用mean

【分析】其實,means是一個單復數同形的名詞,并且永遠帶有尾-s。換句話說,在表示方式方法時,不存在mean這一形式(mean主要用作動詞,表示意思是;也可用作名詞,表示中間中庸”)。此題正確答案為Cby all means為習語,意為一定盡一切辦法。順便說一句,means用作主語時,其謂語的數需根據句意來確定。比較:

All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的辦法都已經試過了。

Every possible means has been tried. 每種可能的辦法都已經試過了。

若句意不能明確地表明主語的單復數,其謂語則用單數或復數均可。如:

Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 還有其他什么辦法可弄到更多錢嗎?

 

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