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內部講義:?荚~的語法與用法(15)
作者:TJG  文章來源:本站原創  點擊數  更新時間:2012-06-02  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

 

term n.

1. 表示“學期”,通常為可數名詞。如:

There are three terms in a school year. 一學年三個學期。

When does the spring term begin? 春季學期什么時候開始?

但是,有時也用作不可數名詞,其含義較泛,常與介詞 in, at, during 等連用,且不用冠詞。比較:

During term, we have examinations. 我們學期當中有考試。

During the term, we have examinations. 在這一學期當中我們有考試。

Are there any exams at the end of term? 期末有考試嗎?

Are there any end-of-term exams? 有期末考試嗎?

There will be exams at the end of the term. 這個學期結束時將舉行考試。

另外,若把“學期”當作上課的活動來看待,其前通常也不用冠詞。如:

Term is over. 放假了。

We began term on Tuesday last. 我們上周星期二開學。

2. 表示“條件”、“條款”等,總是用復數形式。如:

We can’t accept the terms. 我們不能接受這些條件。

On no terms will I do such a thing. 我決不會做那樣的事。

注:以下短語也用復數:come to terms(達成協議),come to

terms with(甘心接受)make terms with(講條件)in terms of

(以……觀點,就……而言),on good (bad) terms with sb(與某人關系好(不好))等。

 

than conj. & prep.

1. 在通常情況下,后接人稱代詞時可用主格也可用賓格,含義一樣。如:

He is taller than I [me]. 他比我高。

He swims faster than she [her]. 他比她游泳游得快。

注:若人稱代詞之后跟有動詞,則只能用主格。如

He is taller than I am. 他比我高。

He swims faster than she does. 他比她游泳游得快。

有時用主格或賓格會導致意思的變化。比較:

I like you better than he (likes you). 我比他更喜歡你。

I like you better than (he likes) him. 我喜歡你勝過喜歡他。

2. 當連接兩個非謂語動詞時,通常應保持用一樣的形式。如:

他認為他自己開車比讓我開車要更安全些。

正:He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.

正:He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive.

注:若不是連接兩個非謂語動詞,但其后出現有動詞,則該動詞通常用動名詞(雖然也可用不定式,但不如用動名詞普通)。如:

I cleaned my shoes, which was better than doing nothing. 我把鞋子擦干凈了,這比閑著什么都不干要好。

Nothing is more unpleasant than finding[to find] insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里發現有蟲子。

3. 通常不與由 and 連接的兩個比較級連用。如:

誤:It’s colder and colder than ever.

誤:Computers are cheaper and cheaper than before.

誤:She is more and more interested in English than last year.

注:改正的辦法:要么去掉后面的 than 結構,要么 and和一個比較級。如說成:It is colder than ever. It is colder and colder. 等。

 

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