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內(nèi)部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(14)
作者:TJG  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點擊數(shù)  更新時間:2012-06-02  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

should adv.

1. 用作情態(tài)動詞,表示“應(yīng)該”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”,其后接動詞原形,主要用來談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在或?qū)恚荒苷務(wù)撨^去;若要談?wù)撨^去,其后應(yīng)接完成式,其意為“本該”或“大概已經(jīng)”。比較:

You should tell the truth. 你應(yīng)該講真話。

You should have told the truth. 你本來應(yīng)該講真話的。

He should leave now. 他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該離開了。

He should have already left. 他大概已經(jīng)離開了。

注:若表示動作在進行,則可也可接進行式。如:

He should be working now. 他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在工作。

2. 用于某些動詞(order, recommend, demand, command, suggest, propose, recommend, advise, ask)、形容詞( eager, anxious, important, necessary)等之后。如:

I suggest that he (should) come to the meeting. 我建議要他來參加會議。

It’s important that he (should) remember this. 他記住這一點很有必要。

My suggestion is that we (should) start a little earlier. 我建議我們早點出發(fā)。

注:有時用于某些從句中,表示一種驚奇語氣。如:

How should he think that? 他怎么會那樣想呢?

It’s strange that he should come so late. 他竟然來這么遲真是奇怪。

比較:

It’s a pity that he failed in the exam. 他考試沒有及格真是遺憾。

It is a pity that he should have failed in the exam. 他考試竟然沒有及格,真是遺憾。

3. 用于含有虛擬條件句(包括含蓄條件句)的主句 (主語是第一人稱)中,但在此種情況下,美國人多用 would。如:

If I had time, I should go. 我要是有時間,我就去。

I shouldn’t have won without you. 沒有你我不可能獲勝。

4. 用于可能性極小的條件句中(主語可以是各種人稱),表示將來情況,通常譯為“萬一”,此時主句謂語可用虛擬語氣,也可用陳述語氣或祈使語氣。如:

If you should change your mind, do let me know. 你萬一改變主意,一定要告訴我。

If I should be free tomorrow, I will come. 萬一明天有空,我就來。

 

shoulder n.

1. 用作名詞,表示“肩”,比較:

She looked over her shoulder. 她回過頭來看。

She looked over his shoulder. 她通過他肩膀往前看。

2. 用于 shoulder to shoulder 意為“肩并肩地”、“齊心協(xié)力地”。如:

They were standing shoulder to shoulder. 他們并肩而立。

We should work shoulder to shoulder. 我們應(yīng)該齊心協(xié)力地工作。

比較 side by side(并肩,并排),注意所用介詞不同。如:

He sat side by side with her. 他與她并肩坐著。

These shops were side by side. 這些商店挨在一起。

 

show v.

1. 表示“拿……給人看”,可以帶雙賓語。雙賓語易位時,要用介詞 to。如:

把你收集的郵票拿給我們看看好嗎?

正:Will you please show us your stamp collection?

正:Will you please show your stamp collection to us?

誤:Will you please show us your stamp collection to see?

 

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