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初級英語語法重點、考點與難點(21)

英語語法錯點大全·省略

1. 你能理解這個 if not, not. 嗎

If the weather is fine, we will go. If ______, ______.

A. not, not               B. no, no                  C. not, no                D. no, not

此題應選A。這是一個省略句, 若補充完整應該是：

If the weather is fine, we will go. If the weatheris NOT fine, we will NOT go. 如果天氣好, 我們就去, 若天氣不好, 我們就不去。

該句的特點是：后句與前句的用詞和句式完全相同, 只是前句為肯定, 后句為否定, 為了簡潔起見, 將后句與前句相同部分省略, 只保留否定詞 not。類似的例子(只保留否定詞not)如：

1. —Can you repair it yourself? 你自己會修嗎?

—I am afraid not. 恐怕不行。(www.52ysedu.com)

(=I am afraid I can’t repair it myself. )

2. —Did you know anything about it? 這事你以前知 道嗎?

—Not until you told me. 你告訴我才知道。

(=I didn’t know anything about it until youtold me. )

3. —Will it rain today? 今天會下雨嗎?

—I hope not. 希望不會。

(=I hope it will not rain today. )

2. 由連詞if構成的省略

The books is well written and well printed. There are few, if ______, mistakes in it.

A. any                      B. some                   C. other                   D. another

此題應選A。這是一個省略句, 句中的if any＝if there are any(如果有任何錯誤的話)。

下面是一些由連詞if構成的省略實例：

1. There is very little water, if any. 即使有水也不多了。

(if any=if there is any water)

2. Fill in the blanks with a, an, the, if necessary. 在必要的地方填上a, an, the。

(if necessary=if it is necessary)

3. Are you busy this afternoon? If not, I wish youwould go with me. 你今天下午忙嗎?要是不忙, 我想請你同我一起去。

(if not=if you are not busy)

4. If possible, I should like to have two copiesof it. 可能的話我希望有兩本。

(if possible=if it is possible)

5. If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful. 要是管理不善, 灌溉還可能會有害。

(if not well managed=if it’s not well managed)

6. If convenient to you I will come to see you this evening. 要是你方便的話, 我今晚來看你。

(if convenient to you=if it is convenient to you)

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