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初級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)(18)

名詞性從句類(lèi)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1. 名詞性從句可用疑問(wèn)句詞序嗎

No one knows ______ in a million years.

A. what man will look like                       B. what willl man look like

C. man will look like what                       D. what look will man like

此題應(yīng)選A。容易誤選B。這里考察的主要是：名詞性從句(賓語(yǔ)從句)的詞序問(wèn)題。名詞性從句包括賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句等四類(lèi)。不管是哪一類(lèi)名詞性從句, 其詞序一律用陳述句詞序, 而不能用疑問(wèn)句詞序。

1. They want to know _____ do to help us.

A. what can they       B. what they can

C. how they can        D. how they can

2. They have no idea at all _____.

A. where he has gone

B. where has he gone

C. which place he has gone

D. where did he go

3. The photographs will show you _____.

A. what does our village look like

B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like

D. how our village looks like

4. Can you make sure ____ the gold ring?

A. where Alice had put

B. where had Alice put

C. where Alice has put

D. where has Alice put

答案：1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C

2. 引導(dǎo)名詞從句的whether與that

______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If                        B. Whether              C. That                    D. When   

此題應(yīng)選 B。容易誤選A, C。

1. 關(guān)于if與whether：兩者都可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 常可換用;但若引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句, 則用wheter(不用if), 排除A。又如：

他是否會(huì)來(lái)還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。

誤：If he will come is a question.

正：Whether he will come is a question.

2. 關(guān)于whether和that：兩者都可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句, 其區(qū)別主要應(yīng)從句意來(lái)考慮：whether表示“是否”, 由它引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的意思通常是不確定的；that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 本身沒(méi)有詞義(that在其它名詞性從句中也沒(méi)有詞義), 但是由that引導(dǎo)的整個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句的意思通常是確定的。試比較：

1. a. That we’ll hold a meeting is decided. 我們要 召開(kāi)一次會(huì)議, 這已決定了。

b. Whether we’ll hold a meeting is not decided. 我們是否要開(kāi)一個(gè)會(huì), 這還沒(méi)有決定。

2. a. That he has left here is clear. 他已離開(kāi)了這 兒, 這點(diǎn)很清楚。

b. Whether he has left here is not clear. 他是 否已離開(kāi)這兒, 這還不清楚。

3. a. That he can finish it in two hours is clear. 他能在兩小時(shí)內(nèi)完成它, 這是顯然的。

b. Whether he can finish it in two hours is a question. 他能否在兩小時(shí)內(nèi)完成它還是問(wèn)題。

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