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使用代詞one的若干用法注意
作者:mydekt  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2011-10-30  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin



使用代詞one的若干用法注意

 

一、基本用法歸納

1. 用于泛指人們或任何人,包括說(shuō)話(huà)人和聽(tīng)話(huà)人,其用法與表泛指的you相似。如:

One must believe in something. 人一定要有信仰。

One shouldn’t be too hard on oneself. 一個(gè)人不能對(duì)自己太苛刻。

One always thinks other people’s lives are more interesting. 人們總是認(rèn)為別人的生活更加有趣。

在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)里,如果one用在句首,后面提到這個(gè)one時(shí)常常用he, him his,但在英國(guó)英語(yǔ)里則仍用one。如:

One cannot succeed at this unless he [one] tries hard. 除非你很努力,否則這事就成功不了。

2. 用于表示某個(gè)不確定的人或事物,其意相當(dāng)于“不定冠詞+名詞”。如:

I’d like one with a garden. 我想要一座帶花園的。(其中的one相當(dāng)于a house等)

He talks to one like a teacher. 他和人談話(huà)就像個(gè)老師似的。(其中的one相當(dāng)于a person, a man等)

3. 表示兩個(gè)或多個(gè)中的“一個(gè)”。如:

One of my weaknesses is smoking too much. 我的缺點(diǎn)之一是抽煙太多。

Here are two books. One is for Mary, the other is for Jack. 這里有兩本書(shū),一本給瑪麗,一本給杰克。

One person may like to spend his vacation at the seashore, while another may prefer the mountains. 一個(gè)人會(huì)喜歡在海濱度假,而另一個(gè)人會(huì)喜歡在山里度假。

On its face, it has three hands. One is short, the other two are long. 其上有三根針,一根短,另兩根長(zhǎng)。

4. 用于習(xí)語(yǔ)one after the otherone after another,其意為“一個(gè)接一個(gè)地”“依次地”“陸續(xù)地”。如:

Planes took off one after another. 飛機(jī)陸續(xù)起飛。

The boy showed me his dirty hands one after the other. 那男孩把他臟兮兮的手依序伸給我看。

5. 用于習(xí)語(yǔ)on the one hand...on the other (hand)...,其意為“一方面……另一方面……”。如:

On the one hand he suffered a heavy loss, but on the other hand he learned a great deal from the experience. 一方面他蒙受了極大的損失另一方面,他則由此教訓(xùn)學(xué)到很多經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

二、有關(guān)的語(yǔ)法說(shuō)明

1. one只能代替可數(shù)名詞,其意相當(dāng)于“a / an +可數(shù)名詞”。如:

I’m looking for a jacket. I’d like one with a bag. 我正在找一件夾克,我想要件帶兜的。

one有復(fù)數(shù)形式ones。如:

Green apples often taste better than red ones. 綠蘋(píng)果往往比紅蘋(píng)果好吃。

注意,用one(s)來(lái)代替不可數(shù)名詞是錯(cuò)誤的。如:

不要用奶粉,要用這鮮奶。

誤:Don’t use powdered milk. Use this fresh one.

正:Don’t use powdered milk. Use this fresh (milk).

如果你沒(méi)有鮮奶油,我就要罐頭的吧。

誤:If you haven’t got fresh cream, I’ll take tinned one.

正:If you haven’t got fresh cream, I’ll take tinned (cream).

另外,用one代替抽象名詞也很少見(jiàn)。如下面一句中的the English system最好不要換成the English one

The Dutch grammatical system is very similar to the English system. 荷蘭語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法體系與英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法體系十分相似。

2. a…one這類(lèi)表達(dá)中,one前面原則上應(yīng)有形容詞,否則就應(yīng)省去不定冠詞。如:

I’m looking for a flat. I’d like a small one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓,想找一座小的帶花園的。

I’m looking for a flat. I’d like one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓,我想要一座帶花園的。(不能說(shuō):... a one with a garden.)

 

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