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| 英語(yǔ)寫作考試丟分的八種常見原因 |
| 作者:陳根花 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2011-10-20 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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英語(yǔ)寫作考試丟分的八種常見原因 一、因搭配錯(cuò)誤丟分 英語(yǔ)中不同的詞往往有不同的習(xí)慣搭配,同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)一定要引起注意,不可隨意更改,否則會(huì)造成錯(cuò)誤。如: ◆你若對(duì)我們的報(bào)價(jià)感興趣,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系。 誤:If you are interested with our offer, please contact us. 正:If you are interested in our offer, please contact us. 說(shuō)明:表示“對(duì)……感興趣”,形容詞interested 后習(xí)慣上搭配介詞in,而不搭配介詞with。 ◆在我的故鄉(xiāng),每年這個(gè)時(shí)候農(nóng)夫都忙著割稻。 誤:In my home country farmers are busy to harvest rice at this time of the year. 正:In my home country farmers are busy harvesting rice at this time of the year. 說(shuō)明:表示“忙于做某事”,be busy 后習(xí)慣上與動(dòng)詞的-ing形式搭配,不能搭配不定式。 二、因語(yǔ)序錯(cuò)誤丟分 同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽髦谐霈F(xiàn)語(yǔ)序錯(cuò)誤主要有三種可能:一是在賓語(yǔ)從句中誤用疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序,二是受漢語(yǔ)意思的影響而用錯(cuò)語(yǔ)序,三是受英語(yǔ)相似結(jié)構(gòu)的影響而用錯(cuò)語(yǔ)序。如: ◆當(dāng)招待員問(wèn)他是否再要些咖啡時(shí),他點(diǎn)頭表示要。 誤:When the waiter asked if did he want more coffee, he nodded Yes. 正:When the waiter asked if he wanted more coffee, he nodded Yes. 說(shuō)明:句中 if 引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句,要用陳述句語(yǔ)序,不能用疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序。 ◆給來(lái)賓準(zhǔn)備了豐富的食物和飲料。 誤:The visitors were plentifully supplied with drink and food. 正:The visitors were plentifully supplied with food and drink. 說(shuō)明:漢語(yǔ)常說(shuō)“飲食”,即先說(shuō)“飲”,后說(shuō)“食”,但在英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣中恰恰相反,即總是說(shuō) food and drink,而不說(shuō) drink and food。 ◆使我最驚訝的是他期末考試沒(méi)有及格。 誤:What was surprised me most that he failed in the final exam. 正:What surprised me most was that he failed in the final exam. 說(shuō)明:由于同學(xué)們平時(shí)見到be surprised 這類表達(dá)比較多,所以在頭腦中就形成了思維定勢(shì),誤認(rèn)為 surprised 總是要與系動(dòng)詞 be 連用。其實(shí),此句中的 surprised 是動(dòng)詞,不是形容詞(注意它后面跟有賓語(yǔ)me)。 三、因用錯(cuò)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞丟分 英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法比較復(fù)雜,盡管靈活運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)通常被視為一種高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),但若用得不當(dāng)或出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,則可能得不償失,造成丟分。對(duì)于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用最要注意的有以下幾點(diǎn):一是要注意那些只與不定式或只與動(dòng)名詞搭配的動(dòng)詞,二是要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常要與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致,三是要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是該用一般式還是完成式,四是要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表主動(dòng)還是表被動(dòng),等。如: ◆她所謂生病只不過(guò)是不想上學(xué)的花招而已。 誤:Her illness is merely a device to avoid to go to school. 正:Her illness is merely a device to avoid going to school. 說(shuō)明:動(dòng)詞avoid后接另一動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ),習(xí)慣上要用動(dòng)名詞,不用不定式。 ◆做完作業(yè)后,孩子們就出去踢足球。 誤:Doing their homework, the students went out to play football. 正:Having done their homework, the students went out to play football. 說(shuō)明:根據(jù)句意可知,“做完作業(yè)”在先,“出去踢足球”在后,故“做完作業(yè)”應(yīng)用完成式,而不能用一般式,否則給人的感覺(jué)便是“一邊做作業(yè)一邊出去踢足球”,這顯然不合情理。 ◆由于天氣不好,球賽不得不取消了。 誤:The match had to cancel owing to the bad weather. 正:The match had to be cancelled owing to the bad weather. 說(shuō)明:漢語(yǔ)既可說(shuō)“取消球賽”,也可說(shuō)“球賽取消了”,后者其實(shí)是“球賽被取消了”的省略說(shuō)法。但是用英語(yǔ)來(lái)表示“球賽取消了”必須要用被動(dòng)式,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞cancel(取消)是及物動(dòng)詞(要么有賓語(yǔ),要么用被動(dòng)式)。 |
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