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關(guān)閉窗口 直接引語變間接引語的五點(diǎn)變化
1. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化
直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，若主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)，變?yōu)殚g接引語的賓語從句通常要將時(shí)態(tài)往后推一個(gè)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)也變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)，等等(若直接引語為過去完成時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語可以不變)。另外，若直接引語中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may等，也應(yīng)變成過去式could, might等(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must可以變?yōu)?/FONT>had to，也可不變，should, ought to, had better 等可以不變)：
“I want to stay here.” he said. 他說：“我想留在這兒。”
→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他說他想留在那兒。
She said, “It’s raining very hard.” 他說：“雨下得很大。”
→He said that it was raining very hard. 他說雨下得很大。
Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.” 吉姆說：“我會(huì)講漢語。”
→Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆說他會(huì)講漢語
(1) 若直接引語為客觀真理，則變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變：
He said, “The sun rises in the east.” 他說：“太陽從東方升起。”
→He said that the sun rises in the east. 他說太陽從東方升起。
(2) 有時(shí)由于直接引語有特定的過去時(shí)間狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)也可不變：
He said, “ was born in 1988.” 說：“我是1988年生的。”
→He said that he was born in 1988. 他說他是1988年生的。
2. 時(shí)間狀語的變化
直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，有些時(shí)間狀語根據(jù)情況也要相應(yīng)的改動(dòng)：如將now改為then，將today 改為that day，將tonight改為that night，將yesterday改為the day before，將this month改為that month，將last week改為the week before，將three years ago改為three years before，將tomorrow改為the next day，將next year改為the next year，等等：
He said, “I’m very busy now.” 他說：“我現(xiàn)在很忙。”
→He said that he was very busy then. 他說他當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。
He said, “I want to leave today.” 他說：“他想今天離開。”
→He said that he wanted to leave that day. 他說他想那天就離開。
He said, “She left yesterday.” 他說：“她昨天離開了。”
→He said that she had left the day before. 他說她前一天就離開了。
She said, “I’ll tell you tomorrow.” 她說：“我明天告訴你。”
→She said that she would tell me the next day. 她說她第二天告訴我。
以上變化有時(shí)應(yīng)視情況而定，若在當(dāng)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)述，now不必改為then；若在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，today, yesterday, tomorrow等不必改為that day, the day before, the next day等；若在當(dāng)周轉(zhuǎn)述，this week, last week 不必改為that week, the last week；若在當(dāng)年轉(zhuǎn)述，this year, last year 不必改為that year, the last year等。(from www.52ysedu.com)
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