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could + have + 過去分詞
作者:HWYF  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時間:2011-09-06  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

could + have + 過去分詞

 

1. 表示主觀推測

即對過去可能發(fā)生的情況作推測,其意思大致相當(dāng)于“可能已經(jīng)”。如:

Why does he know this? Could someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道? 會是哪個人告訴他了嗎?

We could not have heard them because of the noise from the river. 由于有河水聲我們不能聽見他們的話。

該用法也可將could換成can,但這只限于否定句和疑問句,因?yàn)?SPAN lang=EN-US>can表推測時不用于肯定句。如:

Can he have left already? 他會已經(jīng)離開了嗎?

They cant have gone out because the lights on. 他們不可能出去了,因?yàn)闊暨亮著。

2. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的能力

即表示過去本來有能力可以做某事的,但實(shí)際上沒有那樣去做,通常譯為“本來可以”“本來能力”等。如:

We could have got in for nothingnobody was collecting tickets. 我們本可以不買票就進(jìn)去——根本沒人收票。

I could have passed my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. 我本可以輕易通過考試,但我犯了太多不該犯的錯誤。

3. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性

即表示過去本來可能發(fā)生而實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生的情況,通常譯為“本來可以”“本來可能”等:

She could have been seriously injured. 她本來可能傷得很重的。

Its difficult enough, but it could have been worse. 這事情夠困難的了,本來可能會更糟呢!

有時也可根據(jù)語境譯為“好在沒有”“差點(diǎn)”,尤其是當(dāng)談?wù)摰氖恰安缓谩钡那闆r時。如:

She felt miserable. She could have cried. 她感到很痛苦,她差點(diǎn)哭了。

That was a had place to go skiingyou could have broken your leg. 那不是一個滑雪的好地方,好在你沒有把腿給摔斷。

Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? Somebody could have been hurt. 你為什么把瓶子扔出窗外呢? 好在沒有砸傷人。

4. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法

即表示過去本來有做某事的打算或意圖,但實(shí)際上沒有實(shí)現(xiàn),通常譯為“本來可以”。如:

I could have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me? 我本來可以借這筆錢給你的,你為什么不向我提出?

I could have given you some hints, but I suppose you thought yourself too grand. 我本可以給你點(diǎn)提示的,但是我認(rèn)為你太自負(fù)了。

 

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