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25個(gè)重要集合名詞用法詳解
作者:flying  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2011-07-30  文章錄入:admin  責(zé)任編輯:admin

 

17. minority的用法

(1) 意為少數(shù)”“少數(shù)人,用于a minority且用作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù),但有時(shí)也用單數(shù)。如:

Only a tiny minority hold such extreme views. 只有極少數(shù)的人持這種極端的觀點(diǎn)。

Unfortunately, a small minority want to spoil everyone else’s enjoyment. 很遺憾,少數(shù)幾個(gè)人想破壞其他所有人的興致。

The nation wants peace; only a minority want(s) the war to continue. 全國(guó)人民要和平,只有少數(shù)人希望繼續(xù)打仗。

(2) 用于a minority of,后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,用作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如

Only a minority of people support these new laws. 只有少數(shù)人支持這些新法令。

A minority of children are sexually active before they are in their teens. 少數(shù)孩子在十幾歲前有性行為。

Only a small minority of students is [are] interested in politics these days. 目前只有極少數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)政治感興趣。

18. nation的用法

(1) 表示國(guó)民”“全國(guó)人民時(shí),為集合名詞;但用作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個(gè)體)。如:

The nation was at fever pitch in the days leading up to the election. 大選前幾天,全國(guó)處于狂熱的興奮之中。

The whole [entire] nation was [were] watching the developments of the incident. 全國(guó)人民都在關(guān)注著此事的進(jìn)展。

(2) 若表示國(guó)家,則表示單數(shù)意思。如:

The nation was reunited and slaves were set free. 國(guó)家重新統(tǒng)一,奴隸獲得了自由。

The nation is in danger of falling into anarchy. 那個(gè)國(guó)家有進(jìn)入無政府狀態(tài)的危險(xiǎn)。

19. personnel的用法

(1) 表示全體人員時(shí),為總稱名詞,雖為單數(shù)形式,但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義;用作主語時(shí),謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)。如

Our personnel are very highly trained. 我們的人員素質(zhì)很高。

Army personnel are not allowed to leave the base. 軍事人員不準(zhǔn)離開基地。

(2) 表示人事部門時(shí),其用法值得注意——此時(shí)它是不可數(shù)名詞,不連用不定冠詞,也不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但它用作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞卻可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如:

Personnel has [have] lost my tax forms. 人事部門把我的稅收表格弄丟了。

Personnel is [are] organizing the training of the new members of staff. 人事部門正在組織新雇員的培訓(xùn)。

20. population的用法

(1) 表示某地區(qū)、城市、國(guó)家等的全體居民”“人口,或表示聚居于某地區(qū)的一群或一類的人或動(dòng)物等,為集合名詞,既可表示單數(shù)意義(視為整體)也可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(考慮其個(gè)體)。如

Most of the population has [have] fled. 大部分居民都逃走了。

A tiny fraction of the population never vote [votes]. 很少一部分人從不投票。

What percent of the population read [reads] books? 識(shí)字的人占人口總數(shù)的百分之幾?

Half the world’s population doesn’t [don’t] get enough to eat. 世界有一半人口沒有足夠的食物吃。

但是,在某些特定語境中,要注意區(qū)分其單數(shù)意義與復(fù)數(shù)意義。如:

One half of the world’s population are Asians. 世界人口有一半是亞洲人。(由于其后的表語是復(fù)數(shù),所以系動(dòng)詞以用復(fù)數(shù)為宜)

The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八倍。(此句用單數(shù)謂語,因?yàn)橹髡Z的概括性比較強(qiáng))

(2) 如果population本身為復(fù)數(shù),其后的謂語自然要用復(fù)數(shù)。如:

Insect populations fluctuate wildly from year to year. 昆蟲數(shù)量每年變化很大。

Whole populations of natives were wiped out in order that civilisation might advance. 為了文明得以前進(jìn),整批整批的土著被消滅了。

(3) 其前不能用數(shù)詞修飾,也不能與many, few之類的詞連用,但在說明數(shù)量多少時(shí)可用large, high, small等來說明。如:

China’s population is by far the largest of any country. 中國(guó)是全世界人口最多的國(guó)家。

In 1900 the population of London was higher than it is now. 1900年,倫敦的人口比現(xiàn)在多。

雖然不直接受數(shù)量修飾,但受“per+數(shù)詞來修飾。如:

the number of live births per 1,000 population 1000人中的活產(chǎn)嬰兒數(shù)目

(4) 要表示某地?fù)碛卸嗌偃丝,一般?/FONT>“have a population of+基數(shù)詞這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

Japan has a population of about a hundred million. 日本人口約有1億。

若要打聽某地的人口數(shù),可用whathow large。如:

How large [What] is the population of China? 中國(guó)有多少人口?

 

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