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according to / according as 的用法說(shuō)明　　

1. 用于according to，意為“根據(jù)”，為復(fù)合介詞，后接名詞或代詞。注意以下用法：　　

(1) 主要用來(lái)表示“根據(jù)”某學(xué)說(shuō)、某書刊、某文件、某人所說(shuō)等或表示“按照”某法律、某規(guī)定、某慣例、某情況等。如：　　

Everything went off according to plan. 一切都按照計(jì)劃實(shí)現(xiàn)了。　　

According to my watch it is five o’clock. 照我的表，現(xiàn)在是5點(diǎn)鐘。　　

Each man will be paid according to his ability. 每個(gè)人將根據(jù)他的能力獲得報(bào)酬。　　

(2) according to 表示“根據(jù)”，通常是指根據(jù)別人或別處，而不能根據(jù)自己，所以其后不能接表示第一人稱的代詞（如me, us），同時(shí)也很少接表示第二人稱的代詞（you），但用于第三人稱（如 him, her, Jim, Mary, the doctor等）則屬正常用法。如：　　

誤：According to me, the film is wonderful.　　

正：In my opinion, the film is wonderful. 依我看，這部電影很不錯(cuò)。　　

另外注意，according to后也不接view（看法）和opinion（意見(jiàn)）這類詞表示看法的詞。如：　　

誤：According to my opinion, he did it very well.　　

正：In my opinion, he did it very well. 在我看來(lái)，他干得很不錯(cuò)。　　

2. 用于according as，意為“根據(jù)”“隨……而定”，后接從句。如：　　

Everyone contributes according as he is able. 每個(gè)人根據(jù)自己的能力做出貢獻(xiàn)。　　

You will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad. 根據(jù)你工作的好壞，你會(huì)得到表?yè)P(yáng)或批評(píng)。　　

但是，對(duì)于那些由what, which, whether, how, when, where等引導(dǎo)的句子，其前要用according to，不用according as。如：　　

He is an honest businessman, according to what everyone says. 根據(jù)大家所說(shuō)，他是位誠(chéng)實(shí)的商人。　　

The amount of tax people pay varies according to where they live. 居住地不同，人們所交的稅額也各不相同。　　

These apples have been graded according to how big they are. 這些蘋果已經(jīng)按照大小分了等級(jí)。　　

They were arranged according to when they happened. 它們是按發(fā)生的時(shí)間安排的。