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高考最可能考八類狀語(yǔ)從句
■湖南 彭彩玲
狀語(yǔ)從句是高考英語(yǔ)的必考考點(diǎn)，綜觀近年來(lái)各省市狀語(yǔ)從句的考題情況，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)以下八類狀語(yǔ)從句特別值得關(guān)注：
一、in case引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境的不同，in case 既可表示“如果”“萬(wàn)一”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；也可表示“以防(萬(wàn)一)”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。下面兩道真題均選 in case：
1. Leave your key with a neighbor _________ you lock yourself out one day. (北京卷)
A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case
2. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _________ there is a power cut. (重慶卷)
A. if B. unless C. in case D. so that
【解析】兩道題都選 in case，均表示“以防萬(wàn)一”。
二、before引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句
尤其要注意“it+be+一段時(shí)間+before…”這一句型。如：
1. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _________ we meet them again. (安徽卷)
A. after B. before C. since D. when
2. He was told that it would be at least three more months _________ he could recover and return to work. (江西卷)
A. when B. before C. since D. that
【解析】兩道題均 before。第1題涉及的句式為：It will be a long time before…，意思是“要過(guò)很久才會(huì)……”；第2題涉及的句式為：it was some time before…，意思是“在……之前過(guò)了一段時(shí)間”，通常可轉(zhuǎn)譯為“要過(guò)一段時(shí)間才會(huì)……”。
三、while 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句
尤其要注意 while 表示“盡管”“雖然”時(shí)的用法（此時(shí)它引導(dǎo)的不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，而是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句——此用法許多同學(xué)并不熟悉，值得特別注意!）。如：
_________ I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. (山東卷)
A. As B. Since C. If D. While
【解析】答案選D。while 在此表示“盡管”“雖然”，又如：While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 盡管工作有難度，但很有趣。/ While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. 雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意。
另外，while 表示對(duì)比的用法也值得注意（此時(shí)它表示“而”）。如：
The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _____D_____ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. (天津卷)
A. since B. when C. as D. while
四、when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句
對(duì)于 when 的用法，同學(xué)們最熟悉的是表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。如：
—Where’s that report?
—I brought it to you _________ you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. (北京卷)
A. if B. when C. because D. before
【解析】答案選B。將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)逐一填入空格處，只有填when時(shí)，意思最通順。句意為：當(dāng)你昨天在布萊克先生辦公室時(shí)我就帶給你了。
但是 when 還有一個(gè)用法，就是表示“既然”。如：
Why do you want a new job ______D_____ you’ve got such a good one already? (全國(guó)卷)
A. that B. where C. which D. when
還有一點(diǎn)也需注意，就是when表示“這時(shí)(突然)”的用法。如：
1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _____B_____ I heard the steps. (湖南卷)
A. while B. when C. since D. after
2. He was about halfway through his meal _____C_____ a familiar voice came to his ears. (遼寧卷)
A. why B. where C. when D. while
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