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2019年高考英語全國1卷語法填空翻譯(精校精譯)

■翻譯：張必成（安徽）劉學英（湖北）

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.(www.52ysedu.com)

Modern methods of  tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements, leading to the illusion that populations are higher than they actually are. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six  are  stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

翻譯：北極熊通常生活在北極圈以及向南最遠到紐芬蘭的一些大片的陸地上。雖然在北緯88°以北其較為罕見，但有證據表明，它們的活動范圍甚至一直延伸到北極，向南則延伸到加拿大的詹姆斯灣。由于大部分有關其生活范圍的研究還很少，所以很難統(tǒng)計出全球北極熊的數(shù)量；不過，生物學家計算，全世界大約有2兩萬到兩萬五千頭北極熊。

翻譯：跟蹤北極熊種群的現(xiàn)代方法僅在20世紀80年代中期才被采用，而且，要在大范圍內連續(xù)采用這種方法，其代價非常高昂。近年來，努納武特的一些因紐特人報告說，在人類居住區(qū)周圍看到北極熊的情況有所增加，這使人們認為其數(shù)量在增加。而科學家們的解釋則是，有些北極熊由于饑餓可能會聚集在人類居住區(qū)周圍（譯者注：由于氣候變暖，冰塊提前融化，導致北極熊覓食困難。），這就導致人們產生一種錯覺，誤認為北極熊的數(shù)量比其實有數(shù)量要多。實際上，當前，其數(shù)量在19個公認的北極熊亞種群中，3個在下降，6個較穩(wěn)定，1個在增加，9個缺乏足夠的數(shù)據。