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中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法完全突破——主謂一致 | |||
作者:admin 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時(shí)間:2017/3/18 |
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考點(diǎn)3 考查與there be句式中動(dòng)詞be的數(shù) 在there be句式中,動(dòng)詞be用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),取決于其后名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。注意,如果there be后面接有幾個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ),則通常與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如: There are some girls in the room. 房間里有幾個(gè)女孩。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。 另外,注意不要混淆there be與have的區(qū)別:前者指某處存在有某人或某物,后者指擁有或具有某物。尤其要注意的是,不能將兩者混在一起使用,如不能說(shuō)there have。如: 沿著河岸都種有樹。 誤:There have trees all along the river banks. 正:There are trees all along the river banks. 但是,下面一句是正確的,因?yàn)槠渲械?/SPAN>there have been為there be的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式: There have been many such accidents. 已發(fā)生了好幾起那樣的事故。(HM) 【考例1】There ________ many students in the library after school every day. (北京中考題) A. has B. have C. is D. are 【分析】答案選D。由于many students(許多學(xué)生),表復(fù)數(shù)意義,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。注意不能選B,因?yàn)楸硎?/SPAN>“有”的there be不能說(shuō)成there have。 【考例2】Good news! There ________ fewer people catching this kind of illness now. (陜西綏德中考題) A. are B. is C. was D. were 【分析】答案選B。由于people表示“人”“人們”時(shí),永遠(yuǎn)表復(fù)數(shù)意義,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 考點(diǎn)4 考查一段時(shí)間等作主語(yǔ)的情況 當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)的是“一段時(shí)間”“一段距離”“一筆錢”等時(shí),通常將其視為“一個(gè)整體數(shù)量”,此時(shí)其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如: Twenty years is a long time. 20年是很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。 Ten dollars is all I have left. 我只剩下10美元。 A hundred miles is a long distance. 100英里是一段很長(zhǎng)的距離。 【考例】Three hours ________ quite a long time for the students to play computer games every day.(蘭州中考題) A. is B. were C. was D. are 答案選A。時(shí)間名詞做主語(yǔ),通常將其視為一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;又根據(jù)后面的every day可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故選A。 考點(diǎn)5 考查特殊搭配作主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞的數(shù) 涉及主謂一致的特殊搭配比較多,在中考英語(yǔ)中主要應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè): 1. both…and…(……和……都):連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常要用復(fù)數(shù)。如: Both brother and sister are college students. 兄妹倆都是大學(xué)生。 Both the boss and his secretary are flying to Paris老板和他的秘書都正飛往巴黎。 2. not only…but also…(不僅……而且……):連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致,也就是采用就近原則。如: Not only you but also I am hungry. 不只你,我也餓了呢。 Not only you but also he has to attend the meeting. 不只是你,他也必須參加會(huì)議。 3. neither…nor…(……和……都):連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致,也就是采用就近原則。如: Neither he nor they are mistaken. 他和他們都沒有錯(cuò)。 Neither the driver nor the passengers were hurt. 司機(jī)和乘客都沒有受傷。 4. either…or…(……和……都):連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致,也就是采用就近原則。如: Either you or I am wrong. 不是你錯(cuò)就是我錯(cuò)。 Either Tim or his brothers have to do the work. 不是蒂姆,就是他的兄弟們必須做這工作。
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