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關(guān)系代詞who與that的用法區(qū)別

用作關(guān)系代詞的 who 和 that 都可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，用于指人，兩者常可互換，但以下幾點(diǎn)需注意：

用法一：在 all, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, anybody 等詞之后兩者都可用，但以用 that 較普通。如：

Hands up, anyone who knows the answer. 知道答案的請舉手。

All who / that heard the story were amazed. 聽到這個(gè)故事的人都感到吃驚。

He was a man who was beloved by all who knew him. 每一個(gè)認(rèn)識他的人都敬重他。

用法二：在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級以及 the only, the same, the very 等之后兩者都可用，但以用 that 較普通。如：

She is the most beautiful girl I ever saw. 她是我生平所見過的最美麗的女孩。

I have a suspicion that he will be the best employee we ever hired. 我隱約感到他會(huì)成為我們所雇用的最優(yōu)秀的職員。

The only thing that will save the company is a thorough shake-up of the way it is run. 挽救該公司的唯一辦法是徹底改變其經(jīng)營方式。

用法三：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，通常只用 who。如：

He confessed to his wife, who said she had thought as much. 他向妻子坦白了，他妻子說她事先已料到會(huì)如此。

Mrs Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience, will be joining us next term. 史密斯夫人很有教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，她下個(gè)學(xué)期將來與我們一道工作。

用法四：當(dāng)先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí)，通常只用 that。如：

He was watching the children and parcels that filled the car. 他望著塞滿車的孩子和包裹。

The passengers and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred to another plane. 仍在等待的乘客和行李只得改乘另一架飛機(jī)。

They log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here. 進(jìn)出這里的所有人和物他們都會(huì)記錄。

用法五：當(dāng)先行詞是 who 時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)，通常要用 that。如：

Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess? 你曾見過誰能在棋藝上打敗他?

Who that has sympathy can laugh on that occasion? 有同情心的人誰會(huì)在那個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)笑呢?

用法六：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時(shí)，通常用 that，但也可以省略。如：

He is no longer the person that he was. 他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個(gè)樣子了。