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| 如何理解集合名詞表示整體與表示個(gè)體 | |||
| 作者:DZ-HWD 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時(shí)間:2015/11/26 |
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如何理解集合名詞表示整體與表示個(gè)體 有的英語初學(xué)者對(duì)英語中有些集合名詞既可表單數(shù)意義也可表復(fù)數(shù)意義不是很理解。其實(shí),很簡(jiǎn)單,使用的基本原則是:若視為整體,表示單數(shù)意義;若考慮其個(gè)體成員,表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。這類集合名詞比較常見的有:army(軍隊(duì)),audience(觀眾),committee(委員會(huì)),crew(全體船員,全體乘務(wù)員,全體工作人員),enemy(敵人),family(家人),government(政府),group(一組,一群),public(公眾),staff(全體職工,全體人員),team(隊(duì))等。比較: My family is very large [big]. 我家是大家庭。 My family are all very well. 我家里人都很好。 Which team is the best? 哪個(gè)隊(duì)打得最好? The football team are having a rest. 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谛菹ⅰ?/SPAN> The crew is large. 工作人員眾多。 The crew of the plane are ten in all. 這架飛機(jī)的機(jī)組人員一共10人。 有時(shí)句子中帶有明顯的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)標(biāo)志,則應(yīng)分別按單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)處理。如: The public is the best judge.=The public are the best judges. 公眾是最好的判斷者。 如果句子沒有特定的上下文,有時(shí)既可當(dāng)作整體看待(即視為單數(shù)),也可當(dāng)作個(gè)體看待(即視為復(fù)數(shù))。如: The enemy was [were] forced to retreat. 敵人被迫撤退。 The school’s teaching staff is [are] excellent. 學(xué)校師資很不錯(cuò)。 The army was [were] called out to enforce the curfew. 軍隊(duì)被派去強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行宵禁。 Our discussion group is [are] meeting this week. 我們的討論小組本周開會(huì)。 The Government is [are] planning new tax increases. 政府正在制定新的增稅方案。 The audience is [are] always very excited by a wonderful goal. 一個(gè)精彩的進(jìn)球總會(huì)使觀眾們非常激動(dòng)。 The committee who were [which was] responsible for this decision would consider it over again. 對(duì)這一決定負(fù)責(zé)的委員會(huì)是會(huì)重新考慮它的。 |
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